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在医疗保健领域应用大语言模型的同时,平衡控制、协作、成本和安全性。

Implementing large language models in healthcare while balancing control, collaboration, costs and security.

作者信息

Dennstädt Fabio, Hastings Janna, Putora Paul Martin, Schmerder Max, Cihoric Nikola

机构信息

Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

School of Medicine, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

出版信息

NPJ Digit Med. 2025 Mar 6;8(1):143. doi: 10.1038/s41746-025-01476-7.


DOI:10.1038/s41746-025-01476-7
PMID:40050366
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11885444/
Abstract

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into healthcare promises substantial advancements but requires careful consideration of technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges. Closed LLMs of private companies offer ease of deployment but pose risks related to data privacy and vendor dependence. Open LLMs deployed on local hardware enable greater model customization but demand resources and technical expertise. Balancing these approaches, with collaboration among clinicians, researchers, and companies is crucial to ensure effective, secure, and ethical implementation.

摘要

将大语言模型(LLMs)整合到医疗保健领域有望带来重大进展,但需要仔细考虑技术、伦理和监管方面的挑战。私营公司的封闭大语言模型易于部署,但存在数据隐私和对供应商依赖的风险。在本地硬件上部署的开放大语言模型能够实现更大程度的模型定制,但需要资源和技术专长。在临床医生、研究人员和公司之间进行协作,平衡这些方法,对于确保有效、安全和符合伦理的实施至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1147/11885444/028f1fd617b1/41746_2025_1476_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1147/11885444/f05e04debd39/41746_2025_1476_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1147/11885444/028f1fd617b1/41746_2025_1476_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1147/11885444/f05e04debd39/41746_2025_1476_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1147/11885444/028f1fd617b1/41746_2025_1476_Fig2_HTML.jpg

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Racial, ethnic, and sex bias in large language model opioid recommendations for pain management.

Pain. 2025-3-1

[2]
Unmasking and quantifying racial bias of large language models in medical report generation.

Commun Med (Lond). 2024-9-10

[3]
Title and abstract screening for literature reviews using large language models: an exploratory study in the biomedical domain.

Syst Rev. 2024-6-15

[4]
A critical assessment of using ChatGPT for extracting structured data from clinical notes.

NPJ Digit Med. 2024-5-1

[5]
Preventing harm from non-conscious bias in medical generative AI.

Lancet Digit Health. 2024-1

[6]
Leveraging Large Language Models for Decision Support in Personalized Oncology.

JAMA Netw Open. 2023-11-1

[7]
The future landscape of large language models in medicine.

Commun Med (Lond). 2023-10-10

[8]
The Role of Large Language Models in Medical Education: Applications and Implications.

JMIR Med Educ. 2023-8-14

[9]
Embracing Large Language Models for Medical Applications: Opportunities and Challenges.

Cureus. 2023-5-21

[10]
Using ChatGPT to write patient clinic letters.

Lancet Digit Health. 2023-4

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