Picó-Pérez Maria, Coelho Marisa S, Vieira Rita, Machado-Sousa Mafalda, Morgado Pedro
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal.
Front Psychol. 2025 Feb 25;16:1500674. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1500674. eCollection 2025.
Despite its relevance for health outcomes, only recently gender has begun to be explored in the scientific literature, typically using a rigid binary framework. To tackle this, the Stanford Gender-related Variables for Health Research (GVHR) was developed to analyze gender from a multidimensional perspective. We aim to use our Portuguese version of the GVHR and analyze its association with health outcomes, including perceived stress.
To this aim, 351 participants completed the GVHR scale, sociodemographic, and health information (including the Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-10). A Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) was first performed, and logistic and linear regressions were used to explore the association between gender and health-related variables.
All measures of CFA showed appropriate goodness of fit. Regarding regression models, gender discrimination and higher levels of risk-taking were associated with binge drinking. Lower social support and risk-taking, and being male, were associated with being overweight. Regarding stress, it was positively associated with discrimination and work strain, while it was negatively associated with social support, emotional intelligence and risk-taking. Finally, discrimination and work strain were positively associated with mental health worsening and activity limitations, while social support was negatively associated with mental health worsening.
In conclusion, by approaching gender from a multidimensional perspective we detected specific factors influencing health outcomes, showing that the relational aspects of gender are particularly relevant for mental health.
尽管性别与健康结果相关，但直到最近科学文献才开始对其进行探索，通常使用的是僵化的二元框架。为了解决这个问题，斯坦福健康研究性别相关变量（GVHR）应运而生，旨在从多维视角分析性别。我们旨在使用GVHR的葡萄牙语版本，并分析其与包括感知压力在内的健康结果之间的关联。
为此，351名参与者完成了GVHR量表、社会人口统计学和健康信息（包括感知压力量表，PSS - 10）。首先进行了验证性因素分析（CFA），并使用逻辑回归和线性回归来探索性别与健康相关变量之间的关联。
CFA的所有测量指标均显示出良好的拟合度。关于回归模型，性别歧视和较高的冒险水平与暴饮有关。较低的社会支持和冒险行为以及男性身份与超重有关。关于压力，它与歧视和工作压力呈正相关，而与社会支持、情商和冒险行为呈负相关。最后，歧视和工作压力与心理健康恶化和活动受限呈正相关，而社会支持与心理健康恶化呈负相关。
总之，通过从多维视角研究性别，我们发现了影响健康结果的特定因素，表明性别关系方面对心理健康尤为重要。
