Mayor Felix M, Malik Sultan, Primo André G, Gyger Samuel, Jiang Wentao, Alegre Thiago P M, Safavi-Naeini Amir H
Department of Applied Physics and Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 15;16(1):2576. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-57948-7.
Integrated optomechanical systems are a leading platform for manipulating, sensing, and distributing quantum information, but are limited by residual optical heating. Here, we demonstrate a two-dimensional optomechanical crystal (OMC) geometry with increased thermal anchoring and a mechanical mode at 7.4 GHz, well aligned with the operation range of cryogenic microwave hardware and piezoelectric transducers. The eight times better thermalization than current one-dimensional OMCs, large optomechanical coupling rates, g/2π ≈ 880 kHz, and high optical quality factors, Q = 2.4 × 10, allow ground-state cooling (n = 0.32) of the acoustic mode from 3 K and entering the optomechanical strong-coupling regime. In pulsed sideband asymmetry measurements, we show ground-state operation (n < 0.45) at temperatures below 10 mK, with repetition rates up to 3 MHz, generating photon-phonon pairs at ≈ 147 kHz. Our results extend optomechanical system capabilities and establish a robust foundation for future microwave-to-optical transducers with entanglement rates exceeding state-of-the-art superconducting qubit decoherence rates.
集成光机械系统是用于操纵、传感和分配量子信息的领先平台，但受残余光学加热的限制。在此，我们展示了一种二维光机械晶体（OMC）结构，其具有增强的热锚定以及处于7.4 GHz的机械模式，与低温微波硬件和压电换能器的工作范围良好匹配。与当前的一维OMC相比，其热化效果提高了八倍，具有大的光机械耦合率，g/2π ≈ 880 kHz，以及高光学品质因数，Q = 2.4×10，能够将声学模式从3 K冷却到基态（n = 0.32）并进入光机械强耦合 regime。在脉冲边带不对称测量中，我们展示了在低于10 mK的温度下的基态操作（n < 0.45），重复率高达3 MHz，以约147 kHz的频率产生光子 - 声子对。我们的结果扩展了光机械系统的能力，并为未来具有超过现有超导量子比特退相干率的纠缠率的微波 - 光换能器建立了坚实的基础。
