Ziafati Kafi Zahra, Ghalyanchi Langeroudi Arash, Alishahi Mojtaba, Rahmati-Holasoo Hooman, Shokrpoor Sara, Najafi Hamideh
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 21;15(1):9812. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92257-5.
The aquaculture industry in Iran contributed to about 1% of the world's aquaculture production in 2020 with a volume of 0.7 million tons. A targeted approach was used to identify positive samples by collecting samples from 342 suspected carp farms showing signs of disease. The carp species was considered as the host for the viruses under investigation and Khuzestan, Mazandaran and Gilan provinces were selected for sampling. A total of 251 farms in Gilan, 68 farms in Mazandaran, and 23 farms in Khuzestan provinces were sampled. Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) was characterized by a combination of sequence analysis and duplex PCR. Genetic analyzes and phylogenetic tree construction were performed using MEGA7 software. Of the 342 farms sampled, 85 were infected with koi herpes virus (KHV). Asian 1 and Asian 2 genotypes were identified by sequence analysis of the SphI-5 and TK gene regions. One of the positive samples showed a match in all motif positions within the TK gene, specifically genotype A1, except for positions 814 - 813 where they had the sequence AT, which was a rare exception. Duplex PCR analysis of two variable marker regions between ORF29 and ORF30 (marker I) and ORF133 and its upstream region (marker II) revealed viruses of genotype J (I II ), an intermediate genotype (I II ), and a new genotype, I II , identified in viruses from different farms. This new genotype retains the I allele of marker I and has a 5-bp deletion in the marker II. The global distribution of CyHV-3 genotypes is not yet fully elucidated. Results indicate the high degree of diversification of CyHV-3 in the West Asian regions, where at least three different genotypes (I II , I II , and I II ) currently appear to circulate.
2020年，伊朗的水产养殖业产量为70万吨，约占世界水产养殖总产量的1%。通过从342个出现疾病迹象的疑似鲤鱼养殖场采集样本，采用靶向方法来识别阳性样本。鲤鱼被视为所调查病毒的宿主，并选择胡齐斯坦省、马赞德兰省和吉兰省进行采样。吉兰省共采样251个养殖场，马赞德兰省68个养殖场，胡齐斯坦省23个养殖场。鲤疱疹病毒3型（CyHV-3）通过序列分析和双重PCR进行鉴定。使用MEGA7软件进行遗传分析和系统发育树构建。在342个采样养殖场中，有85个感染了锦鲤疱疹病毒（KHV）。通过对SphI-5和TK基因区域进行序列分析，鉴定出亚洲1型和亚洲2型基因型。其中一个阳性样本在TK基因的所有基序位置上均匹配，具体为A1基因型，但在814 - 813位置上的序列为AT，这是一个罕见的例外。对ORF29和ORF30之间的两个可变标记区域（标记I）以及ORF133及其上游区域（标记II）进行双重PCR分析，发现来自不同养殖场的病毒具有J（I II ）基因型、一种中间基因型（I II ）和一种新基因型I II 。这种新基因型保留了标记I的I等位基因，并且在标记II中有一个5碱基缺失。CyHV-3基因型的全球分布尚未完全阐明。结果表明，在西亚地区，CyHV-3具有高度的多样性，目前至少有三种不同的基因型（I II 、I II 和I II ）似乎在传播。
