Liu Xiu-Yun, Wang Wen-Long, Liu Miao, Chen Ming-Yi, Pereira Tânia, Doda Desta Yakob, Ke Yu-Feng, Wang Shou-Yan, Wen Dong, Tong Xiao-Guang, Li Wei-Guang, Yang Yi, Han Xiao-Di, Sun Yu-Lin, Song Xin, Hao Cong-Ying, Zhang Zi-Hua, Liu Xin-Yang, Li Chun-Yang, Peng Rui, Song Xiao-Xin, Yasi Abi, Pang Mei-Jun, Zhang Kuo, He Run-Nan, Wu Le, Chen Shu-Geng, Chen Wen-Jin, Chao Yan-Gong, Hu Cheng-Gong, Zhang Heng, Zhou Min, Wang Kun, Liu Peng-Fei, Chen Chen, Geng Xin-Yi, Qin Yun, Gao Dong-Rui, Song En-Ming, Cheng Long-Long, Chen Xun, Ming Dong
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration, Tianjin, 300380, China.
Mil Med Res. 2025 Mar 24;12(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s40779-025-00598-z.
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices. In recent years, numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs, including their fundamental principles, technical advancements, and applications in specific domains. However, these reviews often focus on signal processing, hardware development, or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication. This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram (EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas, encompassing rehabilitation, daily communication, epilepsy, cerebral resuscitation, sleep, neurodegenerative diseases, anesthesiology, and emotion recognition. Moreover, the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed, including personal privacy and ethical concerns, network security vulnerabilities, safety issues, and biocompatibility.
脑机接口（BCIs）是一种新兴技术，可促进大脑与外部设备之间的直接通信。近年来，众多综述文章探讨了脑机接口的各个方面，包括其基本原理、技术进步以及在特定领域的应用。然而，这些综述通常侧重于信号处理、硬件开发或诸如运动康复或通信等有限的应用。本文旨在全面综述基于脑电图（EEG）的脑机接口在医学领域8个关键领域的最新应用，包括康复、日常交流、癫痫、脑复苏、睡眠、神经退行性疾病、麻醉学和情绪识别。此外，还讨论了脑机接口当前面临的挑战和未来趋势，包括个人隐私和伦理问题、网络安全漏洞、安全问题以及生物相容性。
