Fu Chunyun, Ruan Jialing, Mo Lishai, Zhao Jiangyang, Lu Junming, Huang Ya, Hu Xuehua, Huang Qiang, Feng Yanhua, Tang Wenting, Zhu Ning, Lu Cuihong, Lu Xiangjun, Chen Ruting, Liu Guangbing, Huang Huiping, Li Qifei, Tan Jie
Medical Science Laboratory, Children'S Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530003, China.
Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children'S Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530003, China.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025 Jun;44(6):1391-1403. doi: 10.1007/s10096-025-05112-w. Epub 2025 Mar 26.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of respiratory infections in children. Currently, there is limited literature on the clinical use of pathogen-targeted sequencing technologies and the systematic analysis of RSV infections in hospitalized children. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate the infection status and clinical manifestations associated with RSV in these pediatric patients.
Between July 2021 and November 2023, 5,021 children hospitalized due to respiratory infections or associated complications were enrolled at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) was used to detect pathogens in their respiratory samples. Subsequently, the clinical data of children infected with RSV were systematically evaluated.
Of the 5,021 children hospitalized with respiratory infections, RSV was detected in 1,080, yielding a detection rate of 21.5%. Among RSV-positive patients, only 8.6% (93/1080) experienced single infections, while the majority, 91.4% (987/1080), had co-infections with other pathogens. Among the observed infection patterns, RSV-viral-bacterial co-infection was the most prevalent, occurring in 524 cases (48.5%), followed by RSV-viral co-infection in 141 cases (13.1%). Among children with RSV co-infections, 43 additional microorganisms were detected, with cytomegalovirus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae being the most prevalent. Of the 1,080 children diagnosed with RSV, 172 (15.9%) required ICU admission for monitoring. The median duration of hospitalization for the 1080 children diagnosed with RSV infection was 8 days. Of these, 1025 (94.9%) patients recovered and were discharged following treatment, while 54 (5.0%) of the patients' family members requested voluntary discharge due to unsatisfactory outcomes or other reasons. Unfortunately, one child (0.1%) died despite receiving intensive medical treatment.
Due to the high incidence of RSV infections and associated ICU admissions, there is a critical need for effective vaccine development to protect infants and children. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of hospitalized pediatric patients with RSV, examining infection patterns, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, imaging characteristics, complications, and prognosis.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是儿童呼吸道感染的重要病因。目前，关于病原体靶向测序技术在临床中的应用以及对住院儿童RSV感染的系统分析的文献有限。本研究的主要目的是评估这些儿科患者中与RSV相关的感染状况和临床表现。
2021年7月至2023年11月期间，广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院纳入了5021名因呼吸道感染或相关并发症住院的儿童。采用靶向二代测序（tNGS）检测其呼吸道样本中的病原体。随后，对感染RSV的儿童的临床数据进行了系统评估。
在5021名因呼吸道感染住院的儿童中，检测到1080例RSV，检出率为21.5%。在RSV阳性患者中，仅8.6%（93/1080）为单一感染，而大多数患者，即91.4%（987/1080）与其他病原体合并感染。在观察到的感染模式中，RSV-病毒-细菌合并感染最为常见，共524例（48.5%），其次是RSV-病毒合并感染141例（13.1%）。在RSV合并感染的儿童中，还检测到43种其他微生物，其中巨细胞病毒、流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌最为常见。在1080例诊断为RSV的儿童中，172例（15.9%）需要入住重症监护病房（ICU）进行监测。1080例诊断为RSV感染的儿童的中位住院时间为8天。其中，1025例（94.9%）患者经治疗后康复出院，而54例（5.0%）患者家属因治疗效果不理想或其他原因要求自动出院。不幸的是，1名儿童（0.1%）尽管接受了重症治疗仍死亡。
由于RSV感染及相关ICU住院率较高，迫切需要开发有效的疫苗来保护婴幼儿。本研究对住院的RSV感染儿科患者进行了全面分析，考察了感染模式、临床表现、实验室检查结果、影像学特征、并发症及预后。
