厄立特里亚国家血液服务中心献血者中输血传播感染的血清流行率：一项为期七年的回顾性研究。
Seroprevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors at National Blood Transfusion Service, Eritrea: a seven-year retrospective study.
机构信息
Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Asmara College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8566, Asmara, Eritrea.
Data Mangement Unit, National Blood Transfusion Service (NBTS), Asmara, Eritrea.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2018 Jun 7;18(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3174-x.
BACKGROUND
Blood transfusion is associated with several risks particularly exposure to blood transfusion-transmissible infections (TTI), including: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Syphilis, among others. The threat posed by these blood-borne pathogens is disproportionately high in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This fact underscores the need for continuous surveillance of TTIs in the region. Therefore, the study objectives were to evaluate the prevalence of TTIs and donor characteristics associated with positivity for TTIs at the National Blood Transfusion Center (NBTC) in Asmara, Eritrea.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of blood donors' records covering the period from January 2010 to December 2016 was undertaken. The records were analyzed to evaluate the annualised cumulative prevalence of TTIs. Chi-square test (χ) or Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between serological positivity and particular donor characteristics. Logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with cumulative TTIs positivity. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULT
A total of 60,236 consecutive blood donors were screened between 2010 and 2016. At least 3.6% of donated blood was positive for at least one TTI and 0.1% showed evidence of multiple infections. The sero-prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, syphilis and co-infection was 2.0, 0.7, 0.3 and 0.6%, respectively. Sex, type of donor and region were associated with TTI positivity. Except for donation frequency, there was a significant relationship (P < 0.005) between HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis sero-positivity and other donor characteristics evaluated in the study.
CONCLUSION
The result demonstrates that Eritrea has relatively low TTI prevalence compared to other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, the prevalence, particularly that of HCV, increased significantly in 2016. Enhancing donor screening and additional research utilizing nucleic acid based techniques should therefore be prioritized.
背景
输血会带来一些风险，尤其是可能会感染经输血传播的传染病（TTI），包括乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和梅毒等。在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），这些血源性病原体带来的威胁不成比例地高。这一事实突显了该地区持续监测 TTI 的必要性。因此，本研究的目的是评估厄立特里亚阿斯马拉国家血液中心（NBTC）的 TTI 流行率和与 TTI 阳性相关的献血者特征。
方法
对 2010 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月期间的献血者记录进行了回顾性分析。对这些记录进行分析，以评估 TTI 的年化累积流行率。采用卡方检验（χ）或 Fisher 确切检验评估血清学阳性与特定献血者特征之间的关系。采用逻辑回归来确定与累积 TTI 阳性相关的因素。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
2010 年至 2016 年间，共有 60236 名连续献血者接受了筛查。至少有 3.6%的献血存在至少一种 TTI 阳性，0.1%的献血存在多种感染。HBV、HCV、HIV、梅毒和合并感染的血清流行率分别为 2.0%、0.7%、0.3%和 0.6%。性别、献血者类型和地区与 TTI 阳性有关。除献血频率外，HBV、HCV、HIV 和梅毒血清阳性与研究中评估的其他献血者特征之间存在显著关系（P<0.005）。
结论
结果表明，与撒哈拉以南非洲的其他国家相比，厄立特里亚的 TTI 流行率相对较低。然而，2016 年 HCV 的流行率显著增加。因此，应优先加强献血者筛查，并开展利用核酸检测技术的进一步研究。
Zotero 插件