Manfredini Marco, Barbieri Michele, Milandri Margherita, Longo Caterina
Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Skin Cancer Center, Policlinico di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy.
Biomolecules. 2025 Mar 13;15(3):411. doi: 10.3390/biom15030411.
Rosacea is a common inflammatory skin disease, characterized by erythema, papules and pustules. The pathophysiology of rosacea remains unclear, but the complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors may act as a trigger to an abnormal innate immune response associated with a multifaceted neurovascular reaction. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is significantly involved in the pathogenesis of rosacea, playing an important role in the inflammatory cutaneous response. Dysbiosis, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, Helicobacter pylori infection and innate immune system dysregulation mutually contribute to the pathophysiology of rosacea, but more extensive future research is needed to better clarify their precise mechanisms of action. Many dietary triggers have been postulated for this disease; however, there is a lack of well-made and controlled studies able to undoubtedly demonstrate a causal relationship between rosacea and diet. We analyzed the available studies on the role of diet and gut microbiome in rosacea and the positive clinical effects reported by the current literature on probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and nutrients. Ultimately, this article improves our understanding of the gut-skin axis in rosacea, focusing on how probiotic supplementation and diet could improve the clinical management of patients affected by this common and debilitating disease.
酒渣鼻是一种常见的炎症性皮肤病，其特征为红斑、丘疹和脓疱。酒渣鼻的病理生理学尚不清楚，但环境因素和遗传因素之间的复杂相互作用可能触发与多方面神经血管反应相关的异常先天性免疫反应。越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群在酒渣鼻的发病机制中起重要作用，在皮肤炎症反应中发挥重要作用。生态失调、小肠细菌过度生长、幽门螺杆菌感染和先天性免疫系统失调共同促成酒渣鼻的病理生理学，但需要更广泛的未来研究来更好地阐明它们的确切作用机制。针对这种疾病已提出许多饮食诱发因素；然而，缺乏精心设计和对照的研究能够毫无疑问地证明酒渣鼻与饮食之间的因果关系。我们分析了关于饮食和肠道微生物群在酒渣鼻中的作用以及当前文献报道的益生菌、益生元、后生元和营养素的积极临床效果的现有研究。最终，本文增进了我们对酒渣鼻肠道-皮肤轴的理解，重点关注补充益生菌和饮食如何改善受这种常见且使人衰弱的疾病影响的患者的临床管理。
