Nonlinear association of cardiometabolic index with hyperuricemia: insights from the NHANES 1999-2018 study.

BACKGROUND

Hyperuricemia, a risk factor for gout and cardiovascular diseases, has been linked to various metabolic disorders. This study investigates the association between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and hyperuricemia.

METHODS

Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018 data from 23,212 participants, we employed survey-weighted logistic regression to quantify the CMI-hyperuricemia relationship. Generalized additive models explored potential nonlinear relationships, with two-piecewise logistic regression identifying inflection points. Stratified analyses across demographic and health subgroups assessed relationship consistency.

RESULTS

We found a significant association between higher CMI and increased hyperuricemia and identified a nonlinear relationship, characterized by a faster risk increase at lower CMI levels and slower at higher levels. This pattern remained consistent across all demographic and health subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS

Higher CMI significantly predicts hyperuricemia across diverse populations, with a pronounced nonlinear association. This pattern underscores the importance of early intervention, emphasizing the need for personalized risk assessments and targeted strategies.