de Paula Aislana Cole, Uliana Fabrício, da Silva Filho Eloi Alves, Luz Priscilla Paiva
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Dermatol Res Pract. 2025 Mar 6;2025:6330337. doi: 10.1155/drp/6330337. eCollection 2025.
Nail polishes were developed in 1920, and since 1940, it has been known that these cosmetics contain toxic and sensitizing components. Over the years, nail polishes have undergone several changes in their formulation to avoid this problem, but new components have also been considered toxic and allergenic. The growing demand for gel nails has also been highlighted in cases of allergy to (meth)acrylates, and the biggest concern that was previously related to the presence of toluene sulfonamide-formaldehyde resin (TSFR) in traditional nail polish formulations is now also part of (meth)acrylate-based cosmetics. The beautification caused by nail polish is the main factor behind its constant use throughout the world, but studies have demonstrated its use for other purposes, such as treating fungal diseases, sun protection factor in cancer patients, and as a possible ally in forensic area. This review brings the beginning of the discovery of nail polish and its trajectory to the present day, including its effects on health and its inadequate labeling. Therefore, it is extremely important that legislation monitors the composition of nail cosmetics and that new formulations are studied to make them safe for health and the environment.
指甲油于1920年问世，自1940年以来，人们就知道这些化妆品含有有毒和致敏成分。多年来，指甲油的配方经历了几次变化以避免这个问题，但新成分也被认为有毒和具有致敏性。对凝胶甲的需求不断增长，这在对（甲基）丙烯酸酯过敏的案例中也得到了凸显，而且以前与传统指甲油配方中甲苯磺酰胺 - 甲醛树脂（TSFR）的存在相关的最大担忧现在也是基于（甲基）丙烯酸酯的化妆品的一部分。指甲油带来的美化效果是其在全球持续使用的主要因素，但研究表明它还有其他用途，比如治疗真菌疾病、作为癌症患者的防晒因子以及在法医领域可能成为一种辅助手段。这篇综述介绍了指甲油的发现历程及其发展至今的轨迹，包括其对健康的影响以及标签不充分的问题。因此，立法监管指甲化妆品的成分，并研究新配方以使它们对健康和环境安全，这极其重要。
