Yelne Ankita, Shinde Vaibhav
Department of Pharmacognosy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune, 411038, India.
Urolithiasis. 2025 Apr 17;53(1):74. doi: 10.1007/s00240-025-01745-w.
Even after stone removal, urolithiasis might reoccur, affecting patients' quality of life. Our study tested Ficus racemosa L. bark hydroalcoholic extract (FRBHE) for anti-urolithiasis efficacy. First, the extract was tested for dissolution of calcium oxalate as well as calcium phosphate crystal in-vitro. Also in-vivo, 0.75% w/v of Ethylene glycol (EG) for 28 days with drinking water was used to induce urolithiasis. By day 14, EG consumption developed calcium oxalate crystals, altered urine pH, urine volume, levels of minerals, and nephrological indicators in urine and serum that indicates urolithiasis. From day 15 to day 28, while EG consumption continued, FRBHE (200 and 400 mg/kg) and marketed formulation Cystone tablet (150 mg/kg) were given to rats. FRBHE treatment lowered the calcium, uric acid and urea and increase the creatinine, magnesium in urine in contrast to disease control group (P < 0.001). In plasma of EG consuming rats, level of calcium, potassium, magnesium, creatinine, uric acid and urea were elevated compared to normal rats (P < 0.001). FRBHE, similar to Cystone, normalized plasma parameters. On days 14 and 28, glutathione (P < 0.001) and catalase (P < 0.05) decreased and malondialdehyde (P < 0.001) increased in the kidney as compared to normal control group, indicating oxidative stress in urolithiatic rats. Treatment groups showed increased levels of glutathione and decreased malondialdehyde indicating oxidative stress recovery as compared to disease control group ((P < 0.001). Histopathological study of the kidney reveals medication therapy can reduce EG and calcium oxalate stone-mediated cellular damage. Current study proves Ficus racemosa L. bark may inhibit urolithiasis in-vitro and in-vivo warranting further clinical trials to confirm therapeutic efficacy.
即使结石已被清除，尿路结石仍可能复发，影响患者的生活质量。我们的研究测试了无花果树皮水醇提取物（FRBHE）的抗尿路结石功效。首先，在体外测试该提取物对草酸钙以及磷酸钙晶体的溶解情况。在体内，用0.75% w/v的乙二醇（EG）与饮用水混合，连续28天给大鼠饮用，以诱导尿路结石形成。到第14天，饮用EG导致大鼠形成草酸钙晶体，尿液pH值、尿量、矿物质水平以及尿液和血清中的肾脏指标发生改变，表明已形成尿路结石。从第15天到第28天，在继续给大鼠饮用EG的同时，给大鼠灌胃FRBHE（200和400 mg/kg）以及市售制剂Cystone片剂（150 mg/kg）。与疾病对照组相比，FRBHE治疗降低了尿液中的钙、尿酸和尿素水平，并提高了肌酐和镁的水平（P < 0.001）。在饮用EG的大鼠血浆中，与正常大鼠相比，钙、钾、镁、肌酐、尿酸和尿素水平升高（P < 0.001）。FRBHE与Cystone类似，使血浆参数恢复正常。在第14天和第28天，与正常对照组相比，肾脏中的谷胱甘肽（P < 0.001）和过氧化氢酶（P < 0.05）水平降低，丙二醛（P < 0.001）水平升高，表明尿路结石大鼠存在氧化应激。与疾病对照组相比，治疗组的谷胱甘肽水平升高，丙二醛水平降低，表明氧化应激得到恢复（P < 0.001）。肾脏的组织病理学研究表明，药物治疗可减轻EG和草酸钙结石介导的细胞损伤。当前研究证明，无花果树皮可能在体外和体内抑制尿路结石形成，有必要进行进一步的临床试验以确认其治疗效果。
