Shi Runxuan, Zhang Zehua, Zhang Jinlei, Chen Chang, Li Wencheng, Lin Yifan, Shi Xuyuan, Zhao Peijun, Zhang Teng, Yan Qiong, Cheng Xiyu
College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
Beijing Regional Center of National Narcotics Laboratory, Beijing, 100164, China.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2025 Apr 17;12(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s40643-025-00873-w.
Biomass recalcitrance makes pretreatment process a key step for efficient bioconversion process. In this study, differential effects of promising acid (AP) and alkaline pretreatments (ALP) on enzymatic hydrolysis of diverse herbaceous and woody wastes were systematically investigated. Four biomass samples were separately pretreated and sugar recovery was then recorded in the subsequent hydrolysis. Results showed that both dilute AP and ALP exhibited efficacy in the removal of hemicellulose. Specifically, soybean straw AP demonstrated the highest recovery of soluble sugars at the pretreatment stage [270 mg/g raw stalk (RS)], against 71-212 mg/g RS achieved in AP and ALP of other wastes. Compared with herbaceous soybean straw, both AP and ALP of more recalcitrant woody biomass (e.g., bamboo and poplar) showed much lower enzymatic sugar yields. Among tested samples, ALP soybean straw produced stronger structure modification, morphological changes and higher delignification, which increased its availability to cellulases. As a result, the sugar yield of ALP soybean straw using 1.5% NaOH reached 787 mg/g, which is much higher than those of other tested AP & ALP biomass wastes. The present study revealed differential responses of diverse biomass wastes to AP & ALP, hence providing valuable information for the development of effective bioconversion process of these promising biomass. Looking ahead, these classic AP and ALP will be further investigated together with other potential and emerging pretreatments (e.g., green solvent pretreatments) to provide a foundation for high value utilization of biomass.
生物质顽固性使得预处理过程成为高效生物转化过程的关键步骤。在本研究中，系统地研究了有前景的酸预处理（AP）和碱预处理（ALP）对不同草本和木质废弃物酶解的不同影响。对四个生物质样品分别进行预处理，然后记录后续水解过程中的糖回收率。结果表明，稀酸预处理和碱预处理在去除半纤维素方面均显示出效果。具体而言，大豆秸秆酸预处理在预处理阶段的可溶性糖回收率最高[270毫克/克原秸秆（RS）]，而其他废弃物的酸预处理和碱预处理的回收率为71 - 212毫克/克RS。与草本大豆秸秆相比，更具顽固性的木质生物质（如竹子和杨树）的酸预处理和碱预处理的酶促糖产率都要低得多。在测试样品中，碱预处理的大豆秸秆产生了更强的结构改性、形态变化和更高的脱木质素程度，这增加了其对纤维素酶的可及性。结果，使用1.5%氢氧化钠的碱预处理大豆秸秆的糖产率达到787毫克/克，远高于其他测试的酸预处理和碱预处理生物质废弃物。本研究揭示了不同生物质废弃物对酸预处理和碱预处理的不同响应，从而为开发这些有前景的生物质的有效生物转化过程提供了有价值的信息。展望未来，这些经典的酸预处理和碱预处理将与其他潜在的和新兴的预处理（如绿色溶剂预处理）一起进一步研究，为生物质的高价值利用奠定基础。
