Enhancing Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) with Materials Based on COSAN-Functionalized Nanoparticles.

: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising approach for selectively targeting and destroying malignant cells using B isotopes. A significant challenge in BNCT lies in the development of efficient boron delivery systems that ensure adequate boron accumulation within tumor cells. This study aims to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate COSAN-functionalized nanoparticles () as a potential boron carrier for BNCT. : Hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized by conjugating monoiodinated cobaltabisdicarbollides () to commercially available acrylic polymer-based nanoparticles. Functionalization and cellular uptake were confirmed through FTIR, TGA, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and TEM/EDX analyses. Biocompatibility was evaluated by assessing cytotoxicity in HeLa cells and as an in vivo model. Intracellular boron uptake was quantified using ICP-MS, with results compared to those obtained with 4-borono-L-phenylalanine conjugated to fructose (). An in vitro BNCT proof-of-concept assay was also performed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. : demonstrated low cytotoxicity and efficient internalization in cells. ICP-MS analysis revealed stable boron retention, comparable to traditional boron agents. The BNCT assay further showed that was effective in inducing tumor cell apoptosis, even at lower boron concentrations than conventional treatments. : These results underscore the potential of as an effective boron delivery system for BNCT, offering a promising strategy to enhance boron accumulation within tumor cells and improve treatment efficacy.