Abd-Elhalim Basma T, Mohamed Salma H, Othman Badawi A, Seada Mohammed N Abou
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra, PO Box 68, Cairo, 11241, Egypt.
BMC Microbiol. 2025 May 14;25(1):291. doi: 10.1186/s12866-025-03998-2.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered significant attention due to their diverse applications in nanotechnology, biomedicine, and environmental science. This study explores the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs utilizing various agro-industrial wastes by Bacillus subtilis AMD2024 as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional chemical synthesis methods. We evaluated a range of agro-industrial by-products, including blackstrap sugarcane molasses, sugar beet waste, and arish cheese whey, for their potential in AgNPs production. Comprehensive characterization techniques-such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-visible spectroscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), zeta potential analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)-were employed to assess the properties of the synthesized nanoparticles. The DLS and UV-visible study findings were obtained at a particle size of 15.63 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of 0.593 at 450 nm, respectively. The time course showed the maximum concentration of AgNPs after 48 h at 1.535 mg/L. The preliminary findings suggest that the size of the synthesized AgNPs was effectively reduced to as low as 4.849 nm when using blackstrap sugarcane molasses. The cytotoxicity assessment revealed a half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC) of 200 mg/mL against normal kidney epithelial cell lines, indicating the potential for safe applications in infection control and water treatment. This study highlights the applicability of agro-industrial waste valorization in nanoparticle synthesis, showcasing its promise for developing effective antimicrobial agents in various sectors.
银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）因其在纳米技术、生物医学和环境科学中的广泛应用而备受关注。本研究探索了枯草芽孢杆菌AMD2024利用各种农业工业废弃物生物合成AgNPs的方法，作为传统化学合成方法的一种可持续且环保的替代方案。我们评估了一系列农业工业副产品，包括黑strap甘蔗糖浆、甜菜废料和阿瑞什奶酪乳清在AgNPs生产中的潜力。采用了综合表征技术，如X射线衍射（XRD）、原子吸收光谱（AAS）、动态光散射（DLS）、紫外可见光谱、高分辨率扫描电子显微镜（HR-SEM）、zeta电位分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）来评估合成纳米颗粒的性质。DLS和紫外可见研究结果分别表明，颗粒大小为15.63nm，在450nm处的表面等离子体共振（SPR）为0.593。时间进程显示，48小时后AgNPs的最大浓度为1.535mg/L。初步研究结果表明，使用黑strap甘蔗糖浆时，合成的AgNPs尺寸可有效减小至低至4.849nm。细胞毒性评估显示，对正常肾上皮细胞系的半数最大抑制浓度（IC）为200mg/mL，表明其在感染控制和水处理中安全应用的潜力。本研究强调了农业工业废弃物增值在纳米颗粒合成中的适用性，展示了其在各领域开发有效抗菌剂的前景。
