Croce Laura, Rotondi Mario, Ruggeri Rosaria Maddalena
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia, Italy.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 May 8;16:1537208. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1537208. eCollection 2025.
Vegetarian diets are gaining popularity worldwide, especially among women and in the younger part of the population, rising some concerns for the risk of inadequate iodine requirements if the diet is not correctly planned. Indeed, subjects under vegetarian dietary regimens, mainly the vegan ones, are at risk of developing both iodine deficiency and excess, due to lack of animal-derived foods on the one hand, and to the use of vegan alternatives (such as seaweed) and over-the-counter supplements on the other hand. Women in childbearing age and children are particularly vulnerable to the adverse thyroid consequences. Thus, this paper aims to provide some practical information to achieve adequate iodine intake and avoid adverse effects on thyroid in this population.
素食饮食在全球范围内越来越受欢迎，尤其是在女性和年轻人群体中。如果饮食计划不当，人们会对碘摄入不足的风险产生一些担忧。事实上，遵循素食饮食方案的人群，主要是纯素食者，一方面由于缺乏动物性食物，另一方面由于使用纯素食替代品（如海藻）和非处方补充剂，有患碘缺乏和碘过量的风险。育龄妇女和儿童尤其容易受到甲状腺不良后果的影响。因此，本文旨在提供一些实用信息，以帮助这一人群实现充足的碘摄入，并避免对甲状腺产生不良影响。
