Liang Yuhao, Wang Fei, Jia Rui, Li Jie, Wang Longlong, Li Yajuan, Li Yao, Gun Shuangbao, Yang Qiaoli
College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology, Lanzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 May 9;16:1599847. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1599847. eCollection 2025.
To examine the fiber-degrading enzyme activity and the changes of intestinal microbiota in Hezuo pigs across different age stages.
Fecal samples from 36 semi-grazed Hezuo pigs across five growth stages were collected for cellulase activity and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis.
The results showed that the cellobiase activity in adult Hezuo pigs was markedly higher than in other groups ( < 0.01). The intestinal microbiota of Hezuo pigs was predominantly composed of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The prevalence of Proteobacteria of nursing piglets was significantly higher compared to other stages ( < 0.05), which might be related to protein degradation. was a shared dominant genus across at all age stages, while dominated during the weaning, growth, fattening and adult stages. Its cellulose-degrading enzyme secretion capacity enhanced with age to meet the high-fiber dietary demands of Hezuo pigs. Functional prediction of intestinal microbiota in adjacent age groups using PICRUSt revealed that the differences between lactating piglets and weaned piglets were primarily due to the enrichment of various metabolic pathways functional genes, while differences between fattening pigs and adult sows were negligible. Adult boars showed significant enrichment in amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism pathways compared to fattening piglets.
These results reveal the age-related dynamic development of intestinal microbiota in Hezuo pigs, providing novel insights into the mechanism of their roughage tolerance.
研究不同年龄阶段合作猪的纤维降解酶活性及肠道微生物群的变化。
采集36头处于五个生长阶段的半放牧合作猪的粪便样本，进行纤维素酶活性和16S rRNA基因测序分析。
结果显示，成年合作猪的纤维二糖酶活性显著高于其他组（<0.01）。合作猪的肠道微生物群主要由厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门组成。与其他阶段相比，哺乳仔猪的变形菌门患病率显著更高（<0.05），这可能与蛋白质降解有关。 是所有年龄阶段共有的优势属，而 在断奶、生长、育肥和成年阶段占主导地位。其纤维素降解酶分泌能力随年龄增长而增强，以满足合作猪对高纤维日粮的需求。使用PICRUSt对相邻年龄组的肠道微生物群进行功能预测表明，哺乳仔猪和断奶仔猪之间的差异主要是由于各种代谢途径功能基因的富集，而育肥猪和成年母猪之间的差异可以忽略不计。与育肥仔猪相比，成年公猪在氨基酸代谢、能量代谢和核苷酸代谢途径中显著富集。
这些结果揭示了合作猪肠道微生物群与年龄相关的动态发育，为其耐粗饲机制提供了新的见解。
