Aslam Junaid, Sohailuddin Mohammad, Abbas Syed M, Shaikh Muhammad Tamoor A, Saleem Shanza, Mubeen Arooj, Ahmad Basil, Haseeb Muhammad, Mzahri Ehsan Ul Haq
Department of Internal Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Ameer-ud-Din Medical College, Lahore, PAK.
Department of Accident and Emergency, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells Hospital, Maidstone, GBR.
Cureus. 2025 Apr 24;17(4):e82949. doi: 10.7759/cureus.82949. eCollection 2025 Apr.
The immune system greatly depends on vitamin D for modulating its function, despite the fact that deficiency of this nutrient is now well recognized as a factor that contributes to the development of several autoimmune disorders. This study observed the occurrence of vitamin D deficiency among autoimmune disease patients and investigated its implications in internal medicine. Two medical research investigators searched through several electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies ranging from 2018 to 2025. The research examined the findings of published studies that measured serum vitamin D levels of autoimmune disorder patients in conjunction with how this measurement affected disease activity, severity, and therapy results. A review process executed a predefined research eligibility framework and incorporated both observational and interventional study types for selection. The extraction of study data was done autonomously by two reviewers. Two tools were used to evaluate the methodological quality of the selected studies: the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The strength of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. The research analysis included a total of eight studies that fulfilled the eligibility requirements. Most studies identified vitamin D deficiency as common among patients who suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis. The literature showed increased severity of disease in patients with insufficient vitamin D levels. Some researchers also observed symptom improvement following vitamin D supplementation. Overall, the reviewed evidence suggested that vitamin D may be a potentially modifiable element in the management of autoimmune diseases. While research demonstrates a connection between vitamin D deficiency and autoimmune disease evolution, additional clinical testing must confirm the usefulness of vitamin D therapy in internal medicine.
尽管现在人们已经充分认识到这种营养素的缺乏是导致多种自身免疫性疾病发生的一个因素，但免疫系统在很大程度上依赖维生素D来调节其功能。本研究观察了自身免疫性疾病患者中维生素D缺乏的发生情况，并调查了其在内科中的影响。两名医学研究调查员在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Google Scholar等多个电子数据库中搜索了2018年至2025年的研究。该研究检查了已发表研究的结果，这些研究测量了自身免疫性疾病患者的血清维生素D水平，以及这种测量如何影响疾病活动、严重程度和治疗结果。一个综述过程执行了一个预定义的研究资格框架，并纳入了观察性和干预性研究类型以供选择。研究数据的提取由两名评审员自主完成。使用两种工具来评估所选研究的方法学质量：纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表和Cochrane偏倚风险工具。使用推荐分级、评估、制定和评价（GRADE）框架评估证据的强度。研究分析共纳入了八项符合资格要求的研究。大多数研究发现维生素D缺乏在类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮和多发性硬化症患者中很常见。文献表明，维生素D水平不足的患者疾病严重程度增加。一些研究人员还观察到补充维生素D后症状有所改善。总体而言，综述证据表明维生素D可能是自身免疫性疾病管理中一个潜在的可调节因素。虽然研究表明维生素D缺乏与自身免疫性疾病的发展之间存在联系，但额外的临床测试必须证实维生素D疗法在内科中的有效性。
