Amador Sandro, Martins Alice, Matias Margarida, Pedrosa Rui, Pinteus Susete
Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), NOVA University of Lisbon, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
Mar Drugs. 2025 May 16;23(5):211. doi: 10.3390/md23050211.
The extraction of bioactive compounds from marine natural products has gained increasing attention due to their diverse applications, such as in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics. Yet, low extraction yields and toxicity associated with common solvents are a major bottleneck. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have emerged as promising green alternatives to conventional organic solvents, offering advantages such as biodegradability, greater environmental and economic sustainability, low toxicity, and enhanced extraction selectivity. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the principles, physicochemical properties, and applications of DESs/NADESs to obtain bioactive compounds from marine organisms. Among the most recent works, it is possible to verify the success of NADESs to extract carrageenan from the seaweed ; pigments from ; polyphenols and proteins from different brown seaweeds. NADESs have also shown high potential to extract other valuable compounds from marine by-products, such as chitin from crabs and shrimp shells, and also lipids and proteins from different fish species and protein rich extracts from tilapia viscera. The challenges for DESs/NADESs use at industrial scale are also discussed, and success cases are revealed, highlighting their potential as game changers for extracting bioactive compounds from marine organisms and driving the development of innovative biotechnological products.
由于海洋天然产物具有多种应用，如在制药、营养保健品和化妆品等领域，从海洋天然产物中提取生物活性化合物越来越受到关注。然而，与常用溶剂相关的低提取率和毒性是一个主要瓶颈。深共熔溶剂（DESs）和天然深共熔溶剂（NADESs）已成为传统有机溶剂有前景的绿色替代品，具有生物可降解性、更高的环境和经济可持续性、低毒性以及增强的提取选择性等优点。本文综述对DESs/NADESs从海洋生物中获取生物活性化合物的原理、物理化学性质及应用进行了全面分析。在最近的研究中，可以证实NADESs成功从海藻中提取了卡拉胶；从[此处原文缺失相关信息]中提取了色素；从不同褐藻中提取了多酚和蛋白质。NADESs还显示出从海洋副产品中提取其他有价值化合物的巨大潜力，如从蟹壳和虾壳中提取几丁质，以及从不同鱼类中提取脂质和蛋白质，从罗非鱼内脏中提取富含蛋白质的提取物。本文还讨论了DESs/NADESs在工业规模应用中的挑战，并揭示了成功案例，突出了它们作为从海洋生物中提取生物活性化合物和推动创新生物技术产品发展的变革者的潜力。
