Alkahtani Masfer, Alshehri Bayan, Alrashood Hadeel, Alshehri Latifa, Alzahrani Yahya A, Alenzi Sultan, Almalki Ibtisam S, Yafi Ghazal S, Alessa Abdulmalik M, Alghannam Faisal S, Aljuwayr Abdulaziz, Al-Saleem Nouf K, Alanazi Anwar, Almalki Masud
Future Energy Technologies Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Jubail 35811, Saudi Arabia.
Molecules. 2025 May 14;30(10):2166. doi: 10.3390/molecules30102166.
This study presents an effective strategy to enhance the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by integrating neodymium-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coated with a TiO shell into the mesoporous electron transport layer. The incorporation of neodymium (Nd) as a novel sensitizer shifts the near-infrared (NIR) absorption band away from the water vapor absorption region in the solar spectrum. This modification enables UCNPs to efficiently convert NIR light into ultraviolet (UV) and blue wavelengths, which are readily absorbed by TiO, generating additional charge carriers and improving photovoltaic performance. The optimized PSCs, fabricated by blending 30% UCNPs@TiO with commercial TiO paste, achieved a peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.71%, representing a 20.4% improvement over the control (18.04%). This enhancement included a 0.9% increase in the open-circuit voltage (), a 6.6% rise in the short-circuit current density (), and an 11.9% boost in the fill factor (FF). Additionally, the optimized PSCs exhibited remarkable stability, retaining over 90% of their initial PCE after 900 h in humid conditions, compared to only 70% for the control. These improvements result from enhanced light absorption, reduced moisture infiltration, and lower defect-related recombination. This approach provides a promising pathway for developing highly efficient and durable PSCs.
本研究提出了一种有效的策略，通过将包覆有TiO壳层的钕掺杂上转换纳米颗粒（UCNPs）整合到介孔电子传输层中，来提高钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的效率和稳定性。掺入钕（Nd）作为新型敏化剂，使近红外（NIR）吸收带从太阳光谱中的水蒸气吸收区域移开。这种改性使UCNPs能够将NIR光有效地转换为紫外（UV）和蓝光波长，而TiO能够很容易地吸收这些波长，从而产生额外的电荷载流子并改善光伏性能。通过将30%的UCNPs@TiO与商用TiO浆料混合制备的优化PSC，实现了21.71%的峰值功率转换效率（PCE），比对照（18.04%）提高了20.4%。这种提高包括开路电压（）增加0.9%，短路电流密度（）提高6.6%，填充因子（FF）提升11.9%。此外，优化后的PSC表现出显著的稳定性，在潮湿条件下900小时后仍保留其初始PCE的90%以上，而对照仅为70%。这些改进源于光吸收增强、水分渗透减少以及与缺陷相关的复合降低。这种方法为开发高效耐用的PSC提供了一条有前途的途径。
