Barrozo Mayara Macêdo, Chagas Haile Dean Figueiredo, Damaceno Gabrielly Bernardes Rodrigues, Santos Emilly Faria, Carvalho Rafael Assunção, Silva Isabela Santos, Vale Francisca Letícia, Sousa Lainny Jordana Martins Pereira E, Luz Hermes Ribeiro, Ferreira Lorena Lopes, Monteiro Caio
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnica, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av. Esperança, s/n-Campus Samambaia, Goiânia 74690-900, GO, Brazil.
Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 240, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia 74605-170, GO, Brazil.
Pathogens. 2025 May 17;14(5):495. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14050495.
This study evaluated the repellent activity of DEET, eugenol, methyl eugenol, 1,8-cineole, and their combinations against nymphs through laboratory and field tests. Initially, the botanical compounds were tested individually in Petri dish assays to assess repellent activity over various intervals (1 min to 168 h) at concentrations of 2%. Eugenol and methyl eugenol exhibited the highest average repellent percentages (60 to 90%), with significant effects ( < 0.05) across most evaluation periods, in contrast to 1,8-cineole. Therefore, eugenol and methyl eugenol were selected for combination testing with DEET. The combinations of 7% DEET + 1% eugenol and 7% DEET + 2% methyl eugenol showed the best results, with average repellent efficacy exceeding 85%. The first combination was selected for field evaluation. In this test, volunteers wore treated socks and walked for two hours in a naturally infested area. A significant reduction ( < 0.05) in the number of ticks recovered from the socks was observed in the 7% DEET and 7% DEET + 1% eugenol treatments, with efficacies of 82.5% and 88.5%, respectively, after 120 min. Isolated eugenol showed limited field efficacy, with significant repellent activity ( < 0.05) lasting only 20 min. The results highlight the potential of eugenol and methyl eugenol as repellent compounds, especially when combined with DEET. The field study confirmed the efficacy of the 7% DEET + 1% eugenol.
本研究通过实验室和现场测试评估了避蚊胺、丁香酚、甲基丁香酚、1,8-桉叶素及其组合对若虫的驱避活性。最初，在培养皿试验中分别测试了这些植物化合物，以评估其在2%浓度下不同时间段（1分钟至168小时）的驱避活性。与1,8-桉叶素相比，丁香酚和甲基丁香酚表现出最高的平均驱避百分比（60%至90%），在大多数评估时间段内具有显著效果（P<0.05）。因此，选择丁香酚和甲基丁香酚与避蚊胺进行组合测试。7%避蚊胺+1%丁香酚和7%避蚊胺+加2%甲基丁香酚的组合显示出最佳效果，平均驱避效果超过85%。选择第一种组合进行现场评估。在该测试中，志愿者穿着经过处理的袜子，在自然感染区行走两小时。在7%避蚊胺和7%避蚊胺+1%丁香酚处理中，从袜子上回收的蜱虫数量显著减少（P<0.05），120分钟后，驱避效果分别为82.5%和88.5%。单独的丁香酚在现场的效果有限，显著的驱避活性（P<0.05）仅持续20分钟。结果突出了丁香酚和甲基丁香酚作为驱避化合物的潜力，尤其是与避蚊胺组合时。现场研究证实了7%避蚊胺+1%丁香酚的效果。
