Das Samir, Srinivas Kandhan, Milton Arockiasamy Arun Prince, Khan Sabia, Wahlang Lavinia, Kylla Hosterson, Reddy Gundallahalli Bayyappa Manjunatha, Patil Sharanagouda S, Lyngdoh Erica Lawai, Devi Pebam Chandrima, Ghatak Sandeep, Puro Kekungu-U, Sen Arnab
Division of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India.
Disease Investigation Office, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
AMB Express. 2025 May 30;15(1):85. doi: 10.1186/s13568-025-01891-9.
Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), a viral disease affecting cattle and related species, entered India in 2019, with first outbreak reported in Odisha, and has since caused significant economic losses to the Indian livestock sector. Following its entry, the disease spread rapidly to various states, including the northeastern region which is known for its porous borders. A total of 56 clinical samples (whole blood, skin scrapings, nasal swab, skin lesions and serum) were collected from various outbreaks of LSD in Meghalaya. World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH)-recommended probe-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting LSDV126 region detected Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) in 42 out of 56 clinical samples. Additionally, 182 contemporary serum samples were screened using commercial ELISA kit which indicated an apparent seroprevalence of 11.54% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.7-17%) and a true prevalence of 12.3% (95% CI 7.86-18.53%). Three representative samples were subjected to partial sequencing-based phylogenetic analysis targeting the LSDVp32 and LSDV117 regions which confirmed the diagnosis of LSD and also revealed circulation of the Kenyan field strain-associated LSDV. Furthermore, a novel isothermal approach exploiting Saltatory Rolling Circle Amplification (SRCA) mechanism was also explored with WOAH-recommended conventional PCR primers which yielded results comparable to real-time PCR-based diagnostic methods with a minimum detection limit of 10 copies/µL of the standard plasmid. The availability of this rapid and reliable diagnostic assay could be harnessed for early diagnosis of LSD, especially in resource-limited and field laboratory settings and ultimately aid in the timely implementation of control strategies.
结节性皮肤病（LSD）是一种影响牛及相关物种的病毒性疾病，于2019年传入印度，首次疫情报告发生在奥里萨邦，自那以后给印度畜牧业造成了重大经济损失。该病传入后迅速蔓延至各个邦，包括以边境管控松懈著称的东北地区。从梅加拉亚邦的各种结节性皮肤病疫情中总共采集了56份临床样本（全血、皮肤刮屑、鼻拭子、皮肤损伤组织和血清）。采用世界动物卫生组织（WOAH）推荐的针对LSDV126区域的基于探针的实时聚合酶链反应（PCR），在56份临床样本中的42份中检测到了结节性皮肤病病毒（LSDV）。此外，使用商业ELISA试剂盒对182份当代血清样本进行了筛查，结果显示表观血清阳性率为11.54%（95%置信区间[CI]7.7 - 17%），真实阳性率为12.3%（95%CI 7.86 - 18.53%）。对三个代表性样本进行了基于部分测序的系统发育分析，靶向LSDVp32和LSDV117区域，这不仅确诊了结节性皮肤病，还揭示了与肯尼亚田间毒株相关的LSDV的传播情况。此外，还利用世界动物卫生组织推荐的常规PCR引物探索了一种利用跳跃式滚环扩增（SRCA）机制的新型等温方法，其结果与基于实时PCR的诊断方法相当，标准质粒的最低检测限为10拷贝/µL。这种快速可靠的诊断检测方法可用于结节性皮肤病的早期诊断，特别是在资源有限的现场实验室环境中，最终有助于及时实施控制策略。
