Saavedra Steven, Ruiz-Palomino Pablo, Pérez-Contreras Rosa, Gonzalez-Sanz Juan D
Interdisciplinary Gender Studies Doctoral Program, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
Business Administration Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain.
J Nurs Manag. 2025 May 29;2025:8825138. doi: 10.1155/jonm/8825138. eCollection 2025.
To evaluate the impact of servant leadership (SL) on the work environment and the attitudes and behaviors of nursing professionals by examining the existing differences according to gender. Leadership styles influence both the attitudes and behavior of people over whom they are exercised and the work climate. SL, a prosocial form of leadership, characterized by the recovery of closeness between the leader and the team members, is one of the most important leadership styles in the nursing field today. Differences in the leadership style developed may occur as a function of gender. A systematic review of the literature was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search spanned from 2000 to 2024 across the databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and CINAHL. The authors performed the review based on a search syntax, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the data-extraction process. The synthesis categorized the studies according to their focus on leadership types. The review identified a total of 2140 records, with an additional 49 identified through snowball sampling. After thorough screening, fourteen studies were included in the final review, with an overall sample of 7041 participants, mostly female nurses. SL was positively related to aspects such as nurses' behavior and attitudes, quality leader-nurse relationships, and psychological safety mechanisms, among others. SL has a positive impact on the work climate and attitudes and behaviors of nursing professionals. We did not find significant differences according to gender, as no studies regarding these differences were revealed in the nursing context. Therefore, further research on the impact of SL as a function of gender is essential. The application of SL improves the work environment and the attitudes and behaviors of nurses and can therefore improve the quality standards of service offered to patients in hospitals.
通过研究性别差异来评估仆人式领导（SL）对工作环境以及护理专业人员的态度和行为的影响。领导风格会影响其作用对象的态度和行为以及工作氛围。仆人式领导是一种亲社会的领导形式，其特点是领导者与团队成员之间关系密切，是当今护理领域最重要的领导风格之一。所形成的领导风格可能因性别而有所不同。按照PRISMA 2020指南对文献进行了系统综述。检索范围涵盖2000年至2024年，涉及科学网、Scopus、PubMed、科学Direct和CINAHL等数据库。作者根据检索语法、纳入和排除标准以及数据提取过程进行综述。综合分析根据研究对领导类型的关注对研究进行了分类。该综述共识别出2140条记录，通过滚雪球抽样又识别出49条。经过全面筛选，最终纳入综述的有14项研究，总样本量为7041名参与者，其中大多数是女护士。仆人式领导与护士的行为和态度、优质的领导 - 护士关系以及心理安全机制等方面呈正相关。仆人式领导对工作氛围以及护理专业人员的态度和行为有积极影响。我们未发现性别差异，因为在护理背景下未发现有关这些差异的研究。因此，有必要进一步研究仆人式领导作为性别函数的影响。仆人式领导的应用改善了工作环境以及护士的态度和行为，因此可以提高医院为患者提供的服务质量标准。
