Słomczyńska Patrycja, Siudem Paweł, Białek Agnieszka, Kaźmierski Sławomir, Paradowska Katarzyna
Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jun 1;26(11):5322. doi: 10.3390/ijms26115322.
This study utilised the fatty acid (FA) profiles of cosmetic argan oils from various producers obtained from retail outlets in Poland, Turkey and Morocco between November 2022 and November 2023 as an indicator to control the quality (i.e., purity) and origin (i.e., geographical origin) of the oils. The fatty acid profile was analysed using gas chromatography (GC), which revealed that the most prevalent fatty acid in argan oil is oleic acid (C18:1), followed by linoleic acid (C18:2) and, in order, palmitic acid (C16:0). Furthermore, the H NMR spectroscopy method was found to be both rapid and precise in identifying characteristic signals indicative of the presence of individual components (fatty acids) in argan oil, without the necessity for additional analyte processing. To analyse the results obtained, a PCA analysis was performed to discriminate between seven purified argan oil samples. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing certain variables as authenticity and quality criteria. In the context of argan oils, the incorporation of limits for trans fatty acids and the capacity to discern origin through fatty acid profiling may prove to be of paramount importance. The results obtained demonstrated highly significant discrimination of five groups by region and three groups by preparation.
本研究利用2022年11月至2023年11月期间从波兰、土耳其和摩洛哥的零售店获取的不同生产商的化妆品用摩洛哥坚果油的脂肪酸（FA）谱，作为控制油的质量（即纯度）和来源（即地理来源）的指标。使用气相色谱法（GC）分析脂肪酸谱，结果显示摩洛哥坚果油中最普遍的脂肪酸是油酸（C18:1），其次是亚油酸（C18:2），然后依次是棕榈酸（C16:0）。此外，发现1H NMR光谱法在识别表明摩洛哥坚果油中存在单个成分（脂肪酸）的特征信号方面既快速又精确，无需对分析物进行额外处理。为了分析所得结果，进行了主成分分析（PCA）以区分七个纯化的摩洛哥坚果油样品。我们的研究证明了将某些变量用作真实性和质量标准的可行性。在摩洛哥坚果油的背景下，纳入反式脂肪酸限值以及通过脂肪酸谱分析辨别来源的能力可能被证明至关重要。所得结果表明，按地区对五组以及按制备方法对三组进行了高度显著的区分。
