Evripides George, Christodoulides Paul
Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering and Informatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
Arch Public Health. 2025 Jul 4;83(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s13690-025-01654-9.
A medical health system (MHS) can be viewed as a diverse network of organizations, experts, and resources devoted to promoting, maintaining, and restoring health and well-being in people and societies. There are numerous MHS throughout the world, and their success depends on a number of aspects that should be met. One such MHS is the newly established General Health System (GHS) of Cyprus, a blend of national HS and Social Health Insurance, supported by beneficiaries, employers, and the state. Following the results of a recent study, based on the same questionnaire, the aim of the present study is to attempt a further assessment on how the various factors (constructs) and demographic variables of people of Cyprus interact in their view of the GHS. The questionnaire was constructed on the basis of the available literature and the information gathered about MHS and their features. It includes 5-point Likert-scale items reflecting relevant factors such as Satisfaction (SAT), Trust (TRU), Reliability (REL), Expectations (EXP), Improvement factors (IMP), and Comparison of the Cyprus Health System before and after the implementation of GHS (COM), and others. The questionnaire was completed by 445 individuals in all districts of Cyprus between January and March of 2024. The descriptive statistics analysis of the questionnaires led to useful findings such as the particularly low mean values for the constructs of SAT, TRU and REL. Another finding is that there is not much variation in the mean values among the categories of groups such as gender, age, education level, annual income, work sector, and residence district. To this end an Analysis of Variance, followed by a multiple regression analysis on all constructs was done, in order to clarify/verify certain issues, which led to conclusions that can be used for the amelioration of the GHS. Demographic variables such as age group and income level have influences on all constructs mentioned above and must be tackled differently by GHS stakeholders. There is a strong correlation between SAT, TRU and REL and COM meaning that if one aims to make reforms on GHS targeting higher SAT, they should enhance TRU, REL, and COM.
医疗健康系统（MHS）可被视为一个由致力于促进、维持和恢复个人及社会健康与福祉的组织、专家和资源组成的多元化网络。世界各地有众多医疗健康系统，其成功取决于一些需要满足的方面。塞浦路斯新成立的综合健康系统（GHS）就是这样一个医疗健康系统，它融合了国家健康系统和社会医疗保险，得到了受益者、雇主和国家的支持。基于最近一项使用相同问卷的研究结果，本研究的目的是进一步评估塞浦路斯民众的各种因素（构成要素）和人口统计学变量在他们对综合健康系统的看法中是如何相互作用的。该问卷是根据现有文献以及收集到的有关医疗健康系统及其特征的信息构建的。它包括反映满意度（SAT）、信任度（TRU）、可靠性（REL）、期望（EXP）、改进因素（IMP）以及综合健康系统实施前后塞浦路斯健康系统比较（COM）等相关因素的5级李克特量表项目，以及其他项目。2024年1月至3月期间，塞浦路斯所有地区的445人完成了该问卷。对问卷的描述性统计分析得出了一些有用的结果，比如满意度、信任度和可靠性这些构成要素的均值特别低。另一个发现是，在性别、年龄、教育水平、年收入、工作部门和居住地区等群体类别中，均值没有太大差异。为此，进行了方差分析，随后对所有构成要素进行了多元回归分析，以澄清/验证某些问题，从而得出可用于改善综合健康系统的结论。年龄组和收入水平等人口统计学变量会对上述所有构成要素产生影响，综合健康系统的利益相关者必须区别对待。满意度、信任度和可靠性与系统比较之间存在很强的相关性，这意味着如果有人旨在针对更高的满意度对综合健康系统进行改革，就应该提高信任度、可靠性和系统比较。
