Okudan Bilal, Isik Ozkan, Yagmur Rifat, Bastik Salkim Canan, Talaghir Laurentiu-Gabriel, Iconomescu Teodora Mihaela
Independent Researcher, Ankara, Türkiye.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 26;13:1611830. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1611830. eCollection 2025.
Nowadays, nature-based sports activities stand out as an essential factor that positively affects individuals' psychological well-being beyond supporting their physical health. Physical activities in the natural environment can support individuals' mental well-being by reducing their stress levels, increasing their life satisfaction, and strengthening their psychological resilience. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the effect of perceived health outcomes from nature-based sport activities on adults' mental well-being.
A relational screening model was employed with 350 adult participants (183 male, 167 female) engaged in nature-based sports such as skiing, snowboarding, mountaineering, and paragliding in Kocaeli, Türkiye. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through a personal information form, the Perceived Health Outcomes of Recreation Scale, and the Mental Well-Being Scale. Both scales demonstrated high reliability in this study (Cronbach's = 0.93-0.94 for health outcomes; = 0.93 for mental well-being). Normality was verified through skewness and kurtosis values. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, cluster, and univariate analyses conducted using SPSS 23.
It was determined that there was a positive relationship between perceived health outcomes and mental well-being. In addition, it was observed that perceived health outcomes have a positive effect on mental well-being and predicted mental well-being by approximately 24%. In particular, it was determined that adults who regularly participate in nature-based sports have higher levels of mental well-being in groups with high levels of perceived health outcomes.
It can be stated that regular participation in nature sports creates a positive effect on mental well-being by increasing the level of perceived health outcomes. It can be stated that regular participation in nature sports creates a positive effect on mental well-being by increasing the level of perceived health outcomes. Therefore, promoting accessible and inclusive nature-based sports programs in communities, workplaces, and educational settings is recommended to support public mental and physical health.
如今，基于自然的体育活动已成为一个重要因素，它不仅有助于个人的身体健康，还能对其心理健康产生积极影响。在自然环境中进行体育活动可以通过降低压力水平、提高生活满意度和增强心理韧性来支持个人的心理健康。因此，本研究旨在探讨基于自然的体育活动所感知到的健康结果对成年人心理健康的影响。
采用关系筛选模型，对土耳其科贾埃利省350名参与滑雪、单板滑雪、登山和滑翔伞等基于自然的体育活动的成年人（183名男性，167名女性）进行研究。参与者采用便利抽样方法选取。通过个人信息表、娱乐感知健康结果量表和心理健康量表收集数据。在本研究中，这两个量表都显示出高信度（健康结果量表的克朗巴哈系数为0.93 - 0.94；心理健康量表为0.93）。通过偏度和峰度值验证数据是否呈正态分布。数据分析包括使用SPSS 23进行的描述性统计、相关性分析、回归分析、聚类分析和单变量分析。
研究发现，感知到的健康结果与心理健康之间存在正相关关系。此外，还观察到感知到的健康结果对心理健康有积极影响，并能预测约24%的心理健康状况。特别是，研究确定在感知健康结果水平较高的群体中，经常参与基于自然的体育活动的成年人心理健康水平更高。
可以说，定期参与自然运动通过提高感知健康结果水平对心理健康产生积极影响。因此，建议在社区、工作场所和教育环境中推广易于参与且具有包容性的基于自然的体育项目，以支持公众的身心健康。
