Braga Shelson M da R, da Silva Felipe M A, Bataglion Giovana A, de Almeida Marcia G A, de Souza Larissa O, França Rebeca Dos S, de Souza Cesar A S, da Silva-Filho Francinaldo A, de Souza Afonso D L, Koolen Hector H F, Pinheiro Maria L B
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil.
Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jul 1;14(13):2012. doi: 10.3390/plants14132012.
Miraruira is a medicinal plant-based product (MPBP) that is widely used in the state of Amazonas for the treatment of diabetes, though its botanical identity remains unclear, which raises concerns about authenticity and therapeutic consistency. One solution to this problem is the use of mass spectrometry-based approaches, which have emerged as powerful tools for verifying botanical origin based on chemical composition. Thus, to confirm the botanical authenticity of miraruira, direct-injection mass spectrometry (DI-MS) and chemometric analyses (PCA and HCA) were conducted on methanol fractions of and , both suspected sources of miraruira, as well as commercial samples obtained in street markets in Manaus, Brazil. Additionally, the hexane extracts of and the commercial samples were screened for benzoquinones using DI-MS, as these compounds are recurrent in the genus . The DI-MS and PCA analyses revealed distinct chemical profiles for each species, and identified mangiferin and epicatechin as chemical markers for and , respectively. Furthermore, PCA demonstrated that all the commercial samples exhibited chemical profiles closely aligned with However, the HCA indicated variability among these samples, suggesting or related species are the primary sources of miraruira. Moreover, embelin, rapanone, and suberonone were identified as the main compounds in the hexane extracts of and the commercial products. This study successfully confirmed the botanical authenticity of miraruira, identified key bioactive compounds related to its traditional use in the treatment of diabetes symptoms, and demonstrated the effectiveness of DI-MS as a valuable tool for addressing authenticity issues in MPBPs.
米拉鲁伊拉是一种基于药用植物的产品（MPBP），在亚马孙州被广泛用于治疗糖尿病，但其植物身份仍不明确，这引发了对其真实性和治疗一致性的担忧。解决这个问题的一个方法是使用基于质谱的方法，这些方法已成为基于化学成分验证植物来源的强大工具。因此，为了确认米拉鲁伊拉的植物真实性，对疑似米拉鲁伊拉来源的[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]的甲醇馏分以及在巴西马瑙斯街头市场获得的商业样品进行了直接进样质谱分析（DI-MS）和化学计量分析（PCA和HCA）。此外，使用DI-MS对[植物名称1]和商业样品的己烷提取物进行了苯醌筛查，因为这些化合物在该属中经常出现。DI-MS和PCA分析揭示了每个物种独特的化学特征，并分别将芒果苷和表儿茶素确定为[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]的化学标志物。此外，PCA表明所有商业样品的化学特征与[植物名称1]密切一致。然而，HCA表明这些样品之间存在变异性，表明[植物名称1]或相关[植物名称]物种是米拉鲁伊拉的主要来源。此外，紫铆因、拉帕酮和苏贝罗酮被确定为[植物名称1]和商业产品己烷提取物中的主要化合物。这项研究成功地确认了米拉鲁伊拉的植物真实性，确定了与其传统用于治疗糖尿病症状相关的关键生物活性化合物，并证明了DI-MS作为解决MPBPs真实性问题的宝贵工具的有效性。
