Nazim Veronia S, El-Sayed Ghada M, Amer Sawsan M, Nadim Ahmed H
Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Egypt
RSC Adv. 2025 Jul 14;15(30):24739-24749. doi: 10.1039/d5ra03851k. eCollection 2025 Jul 10.
The main concern upon fabrication of solid contact potentiometric electrodes is the choice of ion sensing membrane. The key principle is to design a sensor having optimum sensitivity and potential stability along with simplicity, reproducibility, and cost effectiveness. Herein, a novel screen-printed potentiometric sensor has been developed for selective and sensitive determination of piroxicam in its pharmaceutical formulation or human plasma. The obstacle was to improve the limit of detection of the proposed sensor to determine the plasma peak concentration of the cited drug. A three-step optimization protocol has been developed. (I) Novel neutral carrier based on Cu(ii) complex of piroxicam was employed as ion sensing membrane with better sensitivity compared to classical ion exchangers. (II) The sensor was fabricated based on molecular imprinted polymer of piroxicam to assure selectivity. Molecular imprinted polymer was synthesized by precipitation polymerization approach and characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements for surface area analysis. (III) The obstacle of water layer formation was overcomed by comparing the doping effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanocomposite on the sensors' signal stability. Three screen printed sensors for piroxicam were developed and their electrochemical performance was assessed. Optimum results for piroxicam were obtained with ion sensing membrane of Cu(ii)-piroxicam complex based on molecular imprinting and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The obtained Nernstian slope was 28.97 mV/decade with linearity range of 9.7 × 10-1 × 10 M and LOD of 5.2 × 10 M. The sensor was successfully applied into spiked human plasma. This would offer an alternative sensing platform for therapeutic monitoring of piroxicam in biological fluids.
制备固体接触电位电极时,主要关注点是离子传感膜的选择。关键原则是设计一种具有最佳灵敏度和电位稳定性,同时兼具简单性、可重复性和成本效益的传感器。在此,已开发出一种新型丝网印刷电位传感器,用于选择性和灵敏地测定其药物制剂或人血浆中的吡罗昔康。障碍在于提高所提出传感器的检测限,以确定上述药物的血浆峰值浓度。已制定了一个三步优化方案。(I)基于吡罗昔康铜(II)配合物的新型中性载体被用作离子传感膜,与传统离子交换剂相比具有更好的灵敏度。(II)该传感器基于吡罗昔康的分子印迹聚合物制备,以确保选择性。分子印迹聚合物通过沉淀聚合法合成,并通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和用于表面积分析的布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒测量进行表征。(III)通过比较多壁碳纳米管和石墨烯纳米复合材料对传感器信号稳定性的掺杂效应,克服了水层形成的障碍。开发了三种用于吡罗昔康的丝网印刷传感器,并评估了它们的电化学性能。基于分子印迹和多壁碳纳米管的Cu(II)-吡罗昔康配合物离子传感膜获得了吡罗昔康的最佳结果。获得的能斯特斜率为28.97 mV/十倍浓度变化,线性范围为9.7×10 -1×10 M,检测限为5.2×10 M。该传感器已成功应用于加标的人血浆中。这将为生物流体中吡罗昔康的治疗监测提供一个替代传感平台。
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