Liang Longhua, Huang Xiaohui, Qin Guoxi, Ma Xiaoyu, He Rijing, Dai Hongpeng, Zhang Zhen, Yang Xiaogan, Liang Xingwei
College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding & Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jul 2;16:1611600. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1611600. eCollection 2025.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection has inflicted devastating impacts on the global swine industry, while current vaccines provide limited protection against this disease. Mogroside V (MV), a triterpenoid compound derived from Siraitia grosvenorii, exhibits diverse biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties, with the capacity to scavenge free radicals and mitigate oxidative stress. In this study, MV was administered to PRRSV-infected cells via three distinct treatment modalities. Our findings demonstrate that MV effectively blocks or suppresses infections caused by diverse PRRSV subtypes in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and Marc-145 cells. MV exhibited significant dose-dependent antiviral efficacy, with viral titers and mRNA expression inhibited by over 90% at a concentration of 400 μM. Comparative analysis further revealed substantial variations in antiviral efficacy among the different treatment protocols. Notably, PRRSV employs immune evasion mechanisms to suppress host innate immunity. MV not only directly inhibited PRRSV replication but also significantly upregulated the gene expression of immunomodulatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-8, IL-18; < 0.05), suggesting a dual mechanism of antiviral action. These findings underscore the antiviral bioactivity of MV and highlight its potential as a novel therapeutic candidate for PRRSV intervention.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）感染对全球养猪业造成了毁灭性影响，而目前的疫苗对这种疾病的保护作用有限。罗汉果甜苷V（MV）是一种从罗汉果中提取的三萜类化合物，具有多种生物活性，包括抗氧化、抗炎和抗癌特性，能够清除自由基并减轻氧化应激。在本研究中，通过三种不同的处理方式将MV应用于PRRSV感染的细胞。我们的研究结果表明，MV能有效阻断或抑制猪肺泡巨噬细胞（PAMs）和Marc-145细胞中多种PRRSV亚型引起的感染。MV表现出显著的剂量依赖性抗病毒效果，在浓度为400μM时，病毒滴度和mRNA表达被抑制超过90%。比较分析进一步揭示了不同处理方案之间抗病毒效果的显著差异。值得注意的是，PRRSV利用免疫逃避机制抑制宿主固有免疫。MV不仅直接抑制PRRSV复制，还显著上调免疫调节细胞因子（IL-1、IL-2、IL-8、IL-18；P<0.05）的基因表达，提示其具有双重抗病毒作用机制。这些发现强调了MV的抗病毒生物活性，并突出了其作为PRRSV干预新型治疗候选物的潜力。
