癌症患者心血管疾病的患病率及临床危险因素：一项横断面研究
Prevalence and clinical risk factors of cardiovascular disease in patients with cancer: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Jiang Cheng, Chen Yun-Xiang, Geng Qing-Shan, Liu An-Bang
机构信息
Department of Geriatrics, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Luohu District, No.1017, Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China.
出版信息
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2025 Jul 19;25(1):526. doi: 10.1186/s12872-025-04976-2.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of common cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their clinical risk factors among patients with cancer and to offer clinical evidence to help manage CVD within this population.
METHODS
Patients with cancer who were aged ≥ 20 years were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2020. The prevalence of CVD and its components was analyzed using weighted analysis to obtain standardized prevalence. Subgroup analyses for gender and age were also performed. Lastly, the clinical risk factors for CVD in patients with cancer were identified by conducting multivariable logistic regression.
RESULTS
A total of 1729 individuals diagnosed with cancer were included, among which 432 had CVD. Weighted analysis further revealed that 21.21% (95%CI: 17.55-24.86) of the patients with cancer had CVD. Moreover, CVD prevalence was 25.12% in males and 18.30% in females (P = 0.01), while it was 26.93% in the age group of ≥ 65 years and 14.58% in the < 65 years age group (P < 0.001). In terms of CVD components, angina pectoris was diagnosed in 4.51% of the patients, myocardial infarction in 8.56%, coronary heart disease in 10.09%, heart failure in 5.08%, and stroke in 7.57%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that older age (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03), smoking history (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.02-2.39 for former smoking and OR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.59-5.01 for current smoking), hypertension (OR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.81-4.28), diabetes (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.47-2.84), chronic kidney disease (CKD, OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.28-2.34), and antineoplastic or other treatments (OR = 4.83, 95% CI: 2.15-10.85) were statistically significant independent risk factors for CVD in patients with cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with cancer have a weighted CVD prevalence of 21.21%, with male patients and those ≥ 65 years demonstrating a higher prevalence of CVD. Independent clinical risk factors for CVD in patients with cancer comprise age, smoking history, hypertension, diabetes, CKD, and antineoplastic or other treatments.
目的
本研究旨在调查癌症患者中常见心血管疾病（CVD）的患病率及其临床风险因素，为该人群中CVD的管理提供临床依据。
方法
从2015 - 2020年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中选取年龄≥20岁的癌症患者。采用加权分析来分析CVD及其组成部分的患病率，以获得标准化患病率。还进行了性别和年龄的亚组分析。最后，通过多变量逻辑回归确定癌症患者中CVD的临床风险因素。
结果
共纳入1729例确诊癌症的个体，其中432例患有CVD。加权分析进一步显示，21.21%（95%CI：17.55 - 24.86）的癌症患者患有CVD。此外，男性CVD患病率为25.12%，女性为18.30%（P = 0.01）；≥65岁年龄组CVD患病率为26.93%，<65岁年龄组为14.58%（P < 0.001）。在CVD组成方面，4.51%的患者被诊断为心绞痛，8.56%为心肌梗死，10.09%为冠心病，5.08%为心力衰竭，7.57%为中风。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，年龄较大（OR = 1.02，95%CI：1.01 - 1.03）、吸烟史（既往吸烟OR = 1.56，95%CI：1.02 - 2.39；当前吸烟OR = 2.82，95%CI：1.59 - 5.01）、高血压（OR = 2.78，95%CI：1.81 - 4.28）、糖尿病（OR = 2.04，95%CI：1.47 -
2.84）、慢性肾脏病（CKD，OR = 1.73，95%CI：1.28 - 2.34）以及抗肿瘤或其他治疗（OR = 4.83，95%CI：2.15 - 10.85）是癌症患者发生CVD的具有统计学意义的独立风险因素。
结论
癌症患者的加权CVD患病率为21.21%，男性患者和≥65岁患者的CVD患病率较高。癌症患者发生CVD的独立临床风险因素包括年龄、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、CKD以及抗肿瘤或其他治疗。
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