Deng Lihua, Xu Jun, Xue Qian, Wei Yanan, Wang Jingtong
Department of Geriatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Jul 14;13(7):1657. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13071657.
Many studies have focused on ageing and gut microbiota, but the correlation between gut microbiota and physical function in older adults, especially those with longevity, remains obscure and deserves further exploration. In this study we investigated changes in the gut microbiota and the association between gut microbiota and physical function in adults with longevity. This is a prospective observational study. Fifty-one older adults aged ≥ 60 years (including 27 participants aged 90 years and above) were enrolled. Information on clinical data, physical function including intrinsic capacity by Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) tool, and dietary habits of participants was collected and analysed. Gut microbiota structure and functional pathways were analysed by Metagenomics. Intrinsic capacity (measured as ICOPE scores) of adults' longevity (aged 90-98, longe group) was significantly lower than older adults aged 60-89 years (CON group) (5.44 ± 2.15 vs. 6.71 ± 1.46, = 0.017). Gut microbiota of the longe group is enriched in and , which may be beneficial to health. Gut microbiota was closely related to daily milk (including plain milk, flavoured milk with a content of cow's milk or reconstituted milk of ≥80%, or reconstituted milk or fermented milk with a content of cow's milk or milk powder of ≥80%) consumption, anxiety, and physical function including grip strength by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). and were increased in long-living adults with better physical function. was more abundant in frail young-old adults. Grip strength is positively correlated with the abundance of , , , and ( < 0.05). Pathways related to amino acid synthesis that include L-isoleucine, L-valine, and L-threonine were over-presented in long-living adults of better physical function. Adults with longevity showed comparable gut microbiota abundance to younger elderly individuals. The gut microbiota of long-living adults showed higher abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, and the altered bacteria are closely associated with physical function. Changes in the gut microbiota may precede clinical indicators during the process of ageing. Gut microbiota may be a potential biomarker for longevity and healthy ageing. Nutrition and emotional state can be important influencing factors.
许多研究都聚焦于衰老与肠道微生物群，但老年人尤其是长寿老人的肠道微生物群与身体功能之间的相关性仍不明确，值得进一步探索。在本研究中，我们调查了长寿成年人肠道微生物群的变化以及肠道微生物群与身体功能之间的关联。这是一项前瞻性观察性研究。纳入了51名年龄≥60岁的老年人（包括27名90岁及以上的参与者）。收集并分析了参与者的临床数据、包括通过老年人综合照护（ICOPE）工具测量的内在能力在内的身体功能以及饮食习惯等信息。通过宏基因组学分析肠道微生物群结构和功能途径。长寿成年人（90 - 98岁，长寿组）的内在能力（以ICOPE评分衡量）显著低于60 - 89岁的老年人（对照组）（5.44±2.15 vs. 6.71±1.46，P = 0.017）。长寿组的肠道微生物群在[具体微生物名称1]和[具体微生物名称2]中富集，这可能对健康有益。肠道微生物群与日常牛奶（包括纯牛奶、牛奶含量或复原乳含量≥80%的调味牛奶，或牛奶或奶粉含量≥80%的复原乳或发酵乳）的摄入、焦虑以及包括通过简易体能状况量表（SPPB）测量的握力在内的身体功能密切相关。[具体微生物名称3]和[具体微生物名称4]在身体功能较好的长寿成年人中增加。[具体微生物名称5]在体弱的年轻老年人中更为丰富。握力与[具体微生物名称6]、[具体微生物名称7]、[具体微生物名称8]和[具体微生物名称9]的丰度呈正相关（P < 0.05）。包括L - 异亮氨酸、L - 缬氨酸和L - 苏氨酸在内的与氨基酸合成相关的途径在身体功能较好的长寿成年人中过度呈现。长寿成年人的肠道微生物群丰度与年轻老年人相当。长寿成年人的肠道微生物群显示出潜在有益细菌的丰度更高，并且这些变化的细菌与身体功能密切相关。在衰老过程中，肠道微生物群的变化可能先于临床指标出现。肠道微生物群可能是长寿和健康衰老的潜在生物标志物。营养和情绪状态可能是重要的影响因素。
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