Bernardo Ana B, García-Gutiérrez Vanesa, Esteban Maria, Maluenda-Albornoz Jorge
Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jul 30;16:1553485. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1553485. eCollection 2025.
Self-efficacy is a key determinant of university student persistence, while dropout remains a global challenge. This article is a systematic review of a large body of research examining the relationship between self-efficacy and university dropout. A literature search was started in databases, eligible studies were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and their quality was analyzed, obtaining the 16 documents that were finally analyzed. The results show that the phenomenon of abandonment and the understanding of the different related variables is considered a problem of growing interest in the scientific community. Self-efficacy is a key factor in students continuing their studies. Students with higher self-efficacy are less likely to drop out of university. However, most research in the field is cross-sectional, which limits the understanding of how self-efficacy changes over time. More longitudinal research is suggested to address this limitation and to develop educational policies that strengthen self-efficacy and reduce dropout.
自我效能感是大学生坚持学业的关键决定因素，而辍学仍是一项全球性挑战。本文是对大量研究自我效能感与大学辍学之间关系的研究进行的系统综述。在数据库中启动了文献检索，根据纳入和排除标准选择符合条件的研究并分析其质量，最终获得了16份可供分析的文献。结果表明，辍学现象以及对不同相关变量的理解被认为是科学界日益关注的问题。自我效能感是学生继续学业的关键因素。自我效能感较高的学生不太可能从大学辍学。然而，该领域的大多数研究都是横断面研究，这限制了对自我效能感如何随时间变化的理解。建议开展更多纵向研究以解决这一局限性，并制定增强自我效能感和减少辍学的教育政策。
