Peng Jian, Li Hong, Chen Liquan, Wu Fan
Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Precis Chem. 2023 Jun 21;1(8):452-467. doi: 10.1021/prechem.3c00030. eCollection 2023 Oct 23.
Lithium metal is considered to be the most ideal anode because of its highest energy density, but conventional lithium metal-liquid electrolyte battery systems suffer from low Coulombic efficiency, repetitive solid electrolyte interphase formation, and lithium dendrite growth. To overcome these limitations, dendrite-free liquid metal anodes exploiting composite solutions of alkali metals, aromatics, and ether solvents have been studied. These composite solutions are much easier to control and stabilize than molten alkali metals or alkali metal alloys. Herein, we provide a detailed overview of complex solutions of alkali metals, aromatics, and ether solvents, including their development history, principles, and characteristics. In addition, the obstacles limiting their practical applications and the future research directions are discussed/proposed for the benign development of this field.
锂金属因其最高的能量密度而被认为是最理想的阳极，但传统的锂金属-液体电解质电池系统存在库仑效率低、反复形成固体电解质界面以及锂枝晶生长等问题。为克服这些限制，人们研究了利用碱金属、芳烃和醚类溶剂的复合溶液的无枝晶液态金属阳极。这些复合溶液比熔融碱金属或碱金属合金更容易控制和稳定。在此，我们详细概述了碱金属、芳烃和醚类溶剂的复合溶液，包括它们的发展历史、原理和特性。此外，还讨论/提出了限制其实际应用的障碍以及该领域未来的研究方向，以促进该领域的良性发展。
