Liu TongZheng, Li Mingbang, Pu XiaoYan
Nanchong Vocational College of Culture and Tourism, Nanchong, China.
College of physical education and health, Geely University of China, Chengdu, China.
J Sports Sci Med. 2025 Sep 1;24(3):495-502. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2025.495. eCollection 2025 Sep.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of small-sided game-based compensatory strategies (CS) versus non-compensatory (NCS) strategies on the aerobic and repeated sprint ability development of non-starter soccer players. A controlled crossover experimental design was used, consisting of two 4-week phases separated by a 2-week washout period. Nineteen male non-starter soccer players (age: 18.1 ± 0.7 years) participated in the study. Each player experienced both an NCS and a specific CS, the latter involving six 3-minute bouts of 2v2 small-sided games performed the day after the match. CS indicates that additional training was introduced to compensate for the lack of playing time. This intervention was applied to players who either did not participate in the match or played less than 15 minutes. Physical fitness was assessed using the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT) and the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RSAmean). Significant interactions were found for YYIRT (p < 0.001, ηp = 0.587, large effects) and RSAmean (p < 0.001, ηp = 0.739, large effects). CS presented better results than NCS in YYIRT at both mid (mean difference: 84.4m, p = 0.040) and post-assessment (mean difference: 64.7m, p = 0.042). RSAmean was smaller under CS at mid (mean difference: -0.078 s, p = 0.012) and post-assessment (mean difference: -0.058s, p = 0.045). In conclusion, the results suggest that the CS condition leads to better YYIRT performance and reduced RSAmean compared to NCS. Practically, incorporating CS into training protocols for players who do not regularly participate in matches - such as unselected players or non-starters with limited playing time - may help maintain physical capacities, particularly endurance and repeated sprint ability, as these players are often exposed to lower physical demands during matches.
本研究的目的是比较基于小场地比赛的补偿策略（CS）与非补偿策略（NCS）对未上场足球运动员有氧能力和反复冲刺能力发展的影响。采用了对照交叉实验设计，包括两个为期4周的阶段，中间间隔2周的洗脱期。19名男性未上场足球运动员（年龄：18.1±0.7岁）参与了该研究。每名运动员都经历了NCS和特定的CS，后者包括在比赛次日进行6组3分钟的2对2小场地比赛。CS表明引入了额外训练以弥补比赛上场时间不足。该干预措施应用于未参加比赛或上场时间少于15分钟的运动员。使用Yo-Yo间歇恢复测试1级（YYIRT）和基于跑步的无氧冲刺测试（RSAmean）评估身体素质。发现YYIRT（p<0.001，ηp=0.587，大效应）和RSAmean（p<0.001，ηp=0.739，大效应）存在显著交互作用。在YYIRT的中期（平均差异：84.4米，p=0.040）和评估后（平均差异：64.7米，p=0.042），CS的结果均优于NCS。在中期（平均差异：-0.078秒，p=0.012）和评估后（平均差异：-0.058秒，p=0.045），CS下的RSAmean较小。总之结果表明，与NCS相比，CS条件下的YYIRT表现更好，RSAmean降低。实际上，将CS纳入未经常参加比赛的运动员（如未入选球员或上场时间有限的未上场球员）的训练方案中，可能有助于维持身体能力，特别是耐力和反复冲刺能力，因为这些运动员在比赛中往往面临较低的身体需求。
