Abdela Jemal, Adem Fuad, Abdu Ahmedmenewer, Yusuf Mohammed, Wondimu Abenezer Aklog, Kure Mohammed Abdurke, Sisay Mekonnen, Mohammedsani Burka, Kitessa Monas, Mekuria Abraham Nigussie
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2025 Sep 12;20(9):e0331377. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0331377. eCollection 2025.
Chronic wounds present a major health challenge, and traditional remedies are frequently employed in developing nations for wound treatment. This study sought to assess the safety and effectiveness of various solvent extracts from Cordia africana using excision and incision wound models in mice.
The dried, coarsely ground 500 g of plant leaves were separately macerated three times with 80% methanol, absolute methanol, chloroform, and aqueous water. Acute dermal toxicity was assessed by applying 2000 mg/kg of the 10% w/w of the solvent extracts. In both wound models, animals were randomly divided into four groups of five mice each. Group I received a simple ointment and served as the negative control. Group IV was treated with nitrofurazone (0.2%) ointment as the positive control. Groups II and III were treated with 5% w/w and 10% w/w ointments of the solvent extracts, respectively.
The acute dermal toxicity studies demonstrated that the plant leaf extracts are safe, as there were no signs of toxicity observed. In the excision wound model, the application of 5% and 10% ointments of the 80% methanol extract resulted in significant (p < 0.05) wound contraction compared to the negative control group, starting from day 13 and day 5, respectively. Similarly, 10% ointments of both absolute methanol and chloroform extracts significantly (p < 0.05) reduced wound size starting from day 7. Furthermore, the time required for complete epithelization was significantly shorter (p < 0.05) for the 80% methanol, chloroform, and absolute methanol extracts compared to the negative control. The chloroform fraction and 10% ointment of the 80% methanol extracts also significantly increased hydroxylproline content. The 5% and 10% chloroform extract ointments (66.02% and 72.20%, respectively) and the 10% ointment with an 80% methanol extract (55.49%) significantly improved the tensile strength of the mice skin (p < 0.05) compared to the group treated with a simple ointment (1.6%).
The study revealed that Cordia africana leaf extracts possess significant wound-healing properties, supporting its traditional medicinal use. It was found that using less polar solvents is more effective in extracting components with enhanced wound-healing effects.
慢性伤口是一项重大的健康挑战，发展中国家经常采用传统疗法治疗伤口。本研究旨在利用小鼠切除和切开伤口模型评估非洲破布木各种溶剂提取物的安全性和有效性。
将500克干燥、粗磨的植物叶子分别用80%甲醇、无水甲醇、氯仿和水进行三次浸渍。通过涂抹2000毫克/千克10%（重量/重量）的溶剂提取物来评估急性皮肤毒性。在两种伤口模型中，动物被随机分为四组，每组五只小鼠。第一组接受单纯软膏，作为阴性对照。第四组用呋喃西林（0.2%）软膏治疗，作为阳性对照。第二组和第三组分别用5%（重量/重量）和10%（重量/重量）的溶剂提取物软膏治疗。
急性皮肤毒性研究表明，植物叶提取物是安全的，未观察到毒性迹象。在切除伤口模型中，与阴性对照组相比，涂抹80%甲醇提取物的5%和10%软膏分别从第13天和第5天开始导致显著（p<0.05）的伤口收缩。同样，无水甲醇和氯仿提取物的10%软膏从第7天开始显著（p<0.05）减小伤口大小。此外，与阴性对照相比，80%甲醇、氯仿和无水甲醇提取物完全上皮化所需的时间显著缩短（p<0.05）。氯仿馏分和80%甲醇提取物的10%软膏也显著增加了羟脯氨酸含量。与用单纯软膏治疗的组（1.6%）相比，5%和10%氯仿提取物软膏（分别为66.02%和72.20%）以及80%甲醇提取物的10%软膏（55.49%）显著提高了小鼠皮肤的抗张强度（p<0.05）。
该研究表明非洲破布木叶提取物具有显著的伤口愈合特性，支持其传统药用价值。研究发现，使用极性较小的溶剂更有效地提取具有增强伤口愈合作用的成分。
