Ke Geng-Qian, Fu Yang-Jun, Huang Zhuo-Han, Dai Shi-Xue, Wen Yun-Hua, Lv Hai-Xiang
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Sep 9;12:1644456. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1644456. eCollection 2025.
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) represents the most advanced and vision-threatening stage of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and remains a leading cause of blindness in individuals with diabetes. This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) for the diagnosis and treatment of PDR, emphasizing its clinical potential and associated challenges. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of PDR has become increasingly clear, and AI offers novel capabilities in retinal image analysis, disease progression prediction, and treatment decision-making. These advancements have notably improved diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Furthermore, AI-based models show promise in optimizing anti-VEGF therapy by enhancing therapeutic outcomes while reducing unnecessary healthcare expenditures. Future research should focus on the safe, effective, and ethical integration of AI into clinical workflows. Overcoming practical deployment barriers will require interdisciplinary collaboration among technology developers, clinicians, and regulatory bodies. The strategies and frameworks discussed in this review are expected to provide a foundation for future AI research and clinical translation in fields of PDR.
增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）是糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）最严重且威胁视力的阶段，仍是糖尿病患者失明的主要原因。本综述全面概述了人工智能（AI）在PDR诊断和治疗应用中的最新进展，强调其临床潜力和相关挑战。血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在PDR发病机制中的作用日益明确，而AI在视网膜图像分析、疾病进展预测和治疗决策方面具有新能力。这些进展显著提高了诊断准确性和效率。此外，基于AI的模型在优化抗VEGF治疗方面显示出前景，可提高治疗效果，同时减少不必要的医疗支出。未来研究应专注于将AI安全、有效且符合伦理地整合到临床工作流程中。克服实际部署障碍需要技术开发者、临床医生和监管机构之间的跨学科合作。本综述中讨论的策略和框架有望为未来PDR领域的AI研究和临床转化提供基础。
