Snook G A
Am J Sports Med. 1979 Jul-Aug;7(4):242-4. doi: 10.1177/036354657900700407.
In this 5-year study of women gymnasts, 70 participants (i.e., one woman for one season) sustained 66 major injuries (i.e., brought to the attention of a physician and produced disability). Forty-seven of the 70 athletes sustained injuries. The trunk had the lowest incidence of injuries (11), the upper extremity had 20, and the lower extremity had the highest incidence (35 injuries). Two categories, stress or trauma, segregated the injuries and provided rationale for the high incidence of injuries on this team. These athletes were of national caliber. They were constantly trying to improve performance. They engaged in intensive practice and difficult maneuvers. The self-motivation of these women increased the number of injuries caused by stress (a total of 21); the combination of intensive practice and the maneuvers is responsible for the traumatic injuries (45). From this evidence, women's gymnastics should be recognized as a hazardous sport for the competitor. Risk factors should be evaluated constantly by her, the coach, and the team physician.
在这项针对女子体操运动员的5年研究中，70名参与者（即一个赛季一名女性）遭受了66次重大损伤（即引起医生注意并导致残疾）。70名运动员中有47人受伤。躯干受伤发生率最低（11次），上肢受伤20次，下肢受伤发生率最高（35次）。压力或创伤这两类因素区分了损伤情况，并解释了该团队受伤发生率高的原因。这些运动员具有国家级水平。她们不断努力提高成绩。她们进行高强度训练和高难度动作练习。这些女性的自我激励增加了压力导致的受伤次数（共计21次）；高强度训练和动作练习共同导致了创伤性损伤（45次）。据此，女子体操应被视为一项对参赛者有危险的运动。她、教练和队医应不断评估风险因素。
