Jahrling P B, Dendy E, Eddy G A
Infect Immun. 1974 May;9(5):924-30. doi: 10.1128/iai.9.5.924-930.1974.
Splenectomy or pretreatment of adult hamsters with cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) increased the lethality of the TC-83 vaccine strain of Venezuelan encephalitis virus (VEE), inoculated subcutaneously, from 12% for normal hamsters to 75 and 76%, respectively. Neither splenectomy nor cyclophosphamide treatment significantly increased the lethality of Pixuna virus. Cytoxantreated (Cy) hamsters developed and maintained levels of TC-83 virus higher than normal infected controls in blood, brain, spleen, and femoral bone marrow; splenectomy had a similar but less intense effect. A severe myeloid necrosis of femoral bone marrow developed 4 to 9 days after TC-83 virus inoculation in 78% of the Cy hamsters and in 48% of the splenectomized (Sx) hamsters. In contrast, only 13% of normal TC-83-infected hamsters developed this lesion. Extensive hemorrhagic lesions in the olfactory lobes and adjacent areas of the brain also developed more frequently in Cy or Sx hamsters than in normal infected controls. Lethally infected hamsters developed and maintained a severe thrombocytopenia, which may be related to the bone marrow lesion and to the hemorrhagic manifestations of lethal VEE infections.
对成年仓鼠进行脾切除或用环磷酰胺（癌得星）预处理，可使皮下接种委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒（VEE）TC - 83疫苗株后的致死率从正常仓鼠的12%分别提高到75%和76%。脾切除和环磷酰胺处理均未显著提高皮苏纳病毒的致死率。经环磷酰胺处理（Cy）的仓鼠在血液、脑、脾和股骨骨髓中产生并维持高于正常感染对照组的TC - 83病毒水平；脾切除有类似但较弱的效果。在接种TC - 83病毒后4至9天，78%的经Cy处理的仓鼠和48%的脾切除（Sx）仓鼠出现股骨骨髓严重的髓样坏死。相比之下，正常感染TC - 83的仓鼠中只有13%出现这种病变。与正常感染对照组相比，经Cy或Sx处理的仓鼠在嗅叶和脑的相邻区域也更频繁地出现广泛的出血性病变。致死性感染的仓鼠出现并维持严重的血小板减少，这可能与骨髓病变以及致死性VEE感染的出血表现有关。
