Simons M J, Day N E
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1977 Dec;47:143-6.
Incidence patterns indicated the prominent role of genetic factors in this type of cancer. A histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) profile of A2 and B-locus antigen, Singapore 2 (Sin 2), was identified. An association between these genes and increased risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), was confirmed. The risk was restricted to the "co-occurrence" of A2, B-Sin 2, suggesting that the genotype predisposing to the development of NPC was the A, B-Sin 2 haplotype. Similar associations were found to exist in Malaysian and Hong Kong Chinese so the A2, B-Sin 2 phenotype is a feature common to Asian Chinese in at least three locations. Preliminary HLA studies of medium NPC incidence in Tunisians and Malays indicated that patients with NPC of both ethnic types have altered HLA antigen profiles. If the findings of a locus-B antigen deficit in Tunisians and the role of A9 with B-locus antigens in Malays can be confirmed and clarified, the histocompatibility genetic hypothesis of NPC predisposition would be substantially strengthened.
发病模式表明遗传因素在这类癌症中起重要作用。已确定一种组织相容性白细胞抗原（HLA）谱，即A2和B位点抗原新加坡2型（Sin 2）。这些基因与鼻咽癌（NPC）风险增加之间的关联得到了证实。风险仅限于A2、B-Sin 2的“同时出现”，这表明易患鼻咽癌的基因型是A、B-Sin 2单倍型。在马来西亚人和中国香港人中也发现了类似的关联，所以A2、B-Sin 2表型是至少三个地区的华裔亚洲人共有的特征。对突尼斯人和马来西亚人中鼻咽癌发病率中等的初步HLA研究表明，这两个种族患鼻咽癌的患者HLA抗原谱都发生了改变。如果突尼斯人B位点抗原缺乏以及马来西亚人中A9与B位点抗原的作用能够得到证实和阐明，那么鼻咽癌易感性的组织相容性遗传假说将得到实质性加强。
