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Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1981;11 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):71S-83S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01842.x.
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Anxiolytics and sedative/hypnotics dependence.抗焦虑药及镇静催眠药依赖
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Benzodiazepines and withdrawal psychosis. Report of three cases.苯二氮䓬类药物与戒断性精神病。三例报告。
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3
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Trends in psychotropic prescribing in general practice and general medical patients.全科医疗及普通内科患者中精神药物处方的趋势
Postgrad Med J. 1986 Jul;62(729):637-41. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.62.729.637.
5
Withdrawal symptoms from phenytoin, carbamazepine and sodium valproate.苯妥英、卡马西平和丙戊酸钠的戒断症状。
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本文引用的文献

1
Withdrawal symptoms following dicontinuation of imipramine therapy.停用丙咪嗪治疗后的戒断症状。
Am J Psychiatry. 1961 Dec;118:549-50. doi: 10.1176/ajp.118.6.549.
2
Withdrawal reactions from chlordiazepoxide ("Librium").氯氮卓（“利眠宁”）的戒断反应。
Psychopharmacologia. 1961 Feb 20;2:63-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00429621.
3
The Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) Program. Toxicologic verification of 1,008 emergency room 'mentions'.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1980 Jan;37(1):106-9. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780140108013.
4
Delirium after abrupt withdrawal from doxepin: case report.突然停用多塞平后出现谵妄：病例报告
Am J Psychiatry. 1980 Feb;137(2):239-40. doi: 10.1176/ajp.137.2.239.
5
Psychiatric illness in family practice.家庭医疗中的精神疾病
J Clin Psychiatry. 1980 Jan;41(1):6-10.
6
Withdrawal reaction from long-term, low-dosage administration of diazepam. A double-blind, placebo-controlled case study.长期低剂量服用地西泮后的戒断反应。一项双盲、安慰剂对照的病例研究。
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1980 Jan;37(1):101-5. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780140103012.
7
Benzodiazepine-associated emergencies in Toronto.多伦多与苯二氮䓬类药物相关的紧急情况。
Am J Psychiatry. 1980 Feb;137(2):224-7. doi: 10.1176/ajp.137.2.224.
8
Receptors for the age of anxiety: pharmacology of the benzodiazepines.焦虑时代的受体：苯二氮䓬类药物的药理学
Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):274-81. doi: 10.1126/science.6101294.
9
Psychiatric illness in general practice. A detailed study using a new method of case identification.全科医疗中的精神疾病。一项采用新病例识别方法的详细研究。
Br Med J. 1970 May 23;1(5707):439-43. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5707.439.
10
A study of prescribing patterns.一项处方模式研究。
Med Care. 1971 Sep-Oct;9(5):383-95. doi: 10.1097/00005650-197109000-00002.

苯二氮䓬类药物是否被过度使用和滥用？

Are benzodiazepines overused and abused?

作者信息

Rickels K

出版信息

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1981;11 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):71S-83S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01842.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01842.x
PMID:6133539
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1401640/
Abstract

1 Drug use has to be viewed in the context of symptoms or illnesses for which they are prescribed. It is concluded that overall psychotropic drugs are used conservatively. 2 The benzodiazepines are safe drugs and in contrast with other centrally acting agents overuse will rarely have severe consequences. 3 Abrupt discontinuation may lead to temporary withdrawal reactions in patients who have been taking benzodiazepines regularly for 4 months or longer. Such reactions may occur more frequently in patients taking high doses.

摘要
  1. 药物使用必须结合其被处方治疗的症状或疾病来考量。得出的结论是，总体而言精神药物的使用较为保守。2. 苯二氮䓬类药物是安全的药物，与其他中枢作用药物相比，过度使用很少会产生严重后果。3. 突然停药可能会导致那些规律服用苯二氮䓬类药物达4个月或更长时间的患者出现暂时的戒断反应。此类反应在服用高剂量药物的患者中可能更频繁地发生。