Lewtas J
Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Jan;47:141-52. doi: 10.1289/ehp.8347141.
Incomplete combustion of fuel in motor vehicles results in the emission of submicron carbonaceous particles which, after cooling and dilution, contain varying quantities of extractable organic constituents. These organics are mutagenic in bacteria. Confirmatory bioassays in mammalian cells provide the capability of detecting chromosomal and DNA damage in addition to gene mutations. In order to evaluate the mutagenicity of these organics in mammalian cells, extractable organics from particle emissions from several diesel and gasoline vehicles were compared in a battery of microbial, mammalian cell and in vivo bioassays. The mammalian cell mutagenicity bioassays were selected to detect gene mutations, DNA damage, and chromosomal effects. Carcinogenesis bioassays conducted included short-term assays for oncogenic transformation and skin tumorigenesis. The results in different assay systems are compared both qualitatively and quantitatively. Good quantitative correlations were observed between several mutagenesis and carcinogenesis bioassays for this series of diesel and gasoline emissions.
机动车燃料不完全燃烧会导致亚微米级碳质颗粒排放，这些颗粒在冷却和稀释后含有不同数量的可提取有机成分。这些有机物在细菌中具有致突变性。哺乳动物细胞中的验证性生物测定除了能检测基因突变外，还具备检测染色体和DNA损伤的能力。为了评估这些有机物在哺乳动物细胞中的致突变性，在一系列微生物、哺乳动物细胞和体内生物测定中，对来自几辆柴油车和汽油车的颗粒排放物中的可提取有机物进行了比较。选择哺乳动物细胞致突变性生物测定来检测基因突变、DNA损伤和染色体效应。所进行的致癌生物测定包括致癌转化的短期测定和皮肤肿瘤发生测定。对不同测定系统的结果进行了定性和定量比较。对于这一系列柴油和汽油排放物，在几种致突变和致癌生物测定之间观察到了良好的定量相关性。
