庆大霉素和妥布霉素对大鼠的肾毒性比较
Comparative nephrotoxicity of gentamicin and tobramycin in rats.
作者信息
Gilbert D N, Plamp C, Starr P, Bennet W M, Houghton D C, Porter G
出版信息
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1978 Jan;13(1):34-40. doi: 10.1128/AAC.13.1.34.
Abstract
A rat model was utilized to compare the nephrotoxic potential of gentamicin and tobramycin. Gentamicin, 40 mg/kg per day, predictably produced renal failure and morphological evidence of proximal tubular necrosis over 14 days of treatment. An identical dosage of tobramycin was associated with only minimal morphological changes and normal concentrations of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Similar results were obtained even after the tobramycin dosage was tripled to 120 mg/kg per day. A decrease in urine osmolality, mechanism unknown, was observed in all aminoglycoside-treated rats, but the lowest osmolalities were found in the gentamicin-treated rats. According to both histological criteria and renal function measurements, gentamicin was more nephrotoxic than tobramycin in this animal model.
摘要
利用大鼠模型比较庆大霉素和妥布霉素的肾毒性潜力。每天40毫克/千克的庆大霉素在治疗14天内可预测地导致肾衰竭以及近端肾小管坏死的形态学证据。相同剂量的妥布霉素仅伴有最小的形态学变化以及血清肌酐和血尿素氮浓度正常。即使将妥布霉素剂量增至三倍至每天120毫克/千克，仍获得了相似的结果。在所有接受氨基糖苷类治疗的大鼠中均观察到尿渗透压降低，其机制尚不清楚，但在接受庆大霉素治疗的大鼠中发现了最低的渗透压。根据组织学标准和肾功能测量结果，在该动物模型中庆大霉素比妥布霉素的肾毒性更强。
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