Gunn R A, Janowski H T, Lieb S, Prather E C, Greenberg H B
Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Mar;115(3):348-51. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113311.
In January, 1980, six out of 13 persons (46%) attending a party in a small northwest Florida town near the Gulf of Mexico became ill with Norwalk virus gastroenteritis after eating raw oysters. Symptoms experienced by the ill persons were principally nausea (100%), vomiting (83%) and diarrhea (50%) and were of brief duration. The symptom complex and epidemiology of Norwalk virus infection closely resemble the gastrointestinal illness commonly referred to as the 24-hour intestinal flu or "stomach flu." Norwalk virus infection was identified in this outbreak by application of a recently developed sensitive and specific serologic radioimmunoassay. Oysters from the incriminated batch had fecal coliform levels above recommended standards; however, recent studies of oyster-harvesting waters have shown only a weak correlation between fecal coliforms and the presence of enteric viruses. Further studies are needed to determine whether modifications of monitoring modalities for oyster-harvesting waters are needed.
1980年1月，在佛罗里达州西北部靠近墨西哥湾的一个小镇上，参加一场派对的13人中有6人（46%）在食用生牡蛎后感染诺如病毒肠胃炎。患病者的主要症状为恶心（100%）、呕吐（83%）和腹泻（50%），且持续时间较短。诺如病毒感染的症状组合和流行病学情况与通常被称为24小时肠道流感或“胃肠型感冒”的胃肠道疾病极为相似。此次疫情中，通过应用一种最近开发的灵敏且特异的血清学放射免疫测定法，确定了诺如病毒感染。涉事批次的牡蛎粪大肠菌群含量高于推荐标准；然而，近期对牡蛎捕捞水域的研究表明，粪大肠菌群与肠道病毒的存在之间仅有微弱关联。需要进一步研究来确定是否需要对牡蛎捕捞水域的监测方式进行调整。
