Ramaekers F C, Puts J J, Moesker O, Kant A, Huysmans A, Haag D, Jap P H, Herman C J, Vooijs G P
Histochem J. 1983 Jul;15(7):691-713. doi: 10.1007/BF01002988.
Intermediate-sized filament proteins (IFP) are tissue specific in that antibodies to keratin, vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the neurofilament proteins can distinguish between cells of epithelial and mesenchymal origin as well as of myogenic and neural origin respectively. Malignant cells retain their tissue-specific IFP, which makes it possible to use these antibodies in tumour diagnosis. Carcinomas are exclusively detected by antibodies to keratin. Monoclonal antibodies to keratin have allowed the differentiation between subgroups of epithelial tumours until now between adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Lymphomas, melanomas and several soft tissue tumours are distinctly recognized by antibodies to vimentin. On the other hand, rhabdomyosarcomas and leiomyosarcomas are positive for desmin, while astrocytomas give a strong reaction with GFAP antibodies. Thus, antibodies to IFP are useful tools for differential diagnosis in surgical pathology.
中等大小的丝状蛋白（IFP）具有组织特异性，即针对角蛋白、波形蛋白、结蛋白、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和神经丝蛋白的抗体可分别区分上皮起源和间充质起源的细胞以及肌源性和神经源性的细胞。恶性细胞保留其组织特异性IFP，这使得在肿瘤诊断中使用这些抗体成为可能。癌仅通过角蛋白抗体检测到。迄今为止，针对角蛋白的单克隆抗体已能够区分上皮肿瘤的亚组，即腺癌和鳞状细胞癌。淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤和几种软组织肿瘤可通过波形蛋白抗体明确识别。另一方面，横纹肌肉瘤和平滑肌肉瘤对结蛋白呈阳性反应，而星形细胞瘤对GFAP抗体有强烈反应。因此，针对IFP的抗体是外科病理学鉴别诊断的有用工具。
