El-Salhy M
Histochemistry. 1984;80(2):193-205. doi: 10.1007/BF00679996.
The pancreas and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of adults and of an embryonic stage of 11 cm long (about half the length of newborn fish) of the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, were investigated immunocytochemically for the occurrence of the gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) neurohormonal peptides. In the pancreas of adult forms 5 endocrine cell types were seen, namely insulin-, somatostatin-, glucagon-, pancreatic polypeptide (PP)- and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)-immunoreactive cells. These cell types form scattered islets and were seen sometimes to surround small ducts. GIP-immunoreactivity cells did not occur in glucagon-containing cells. In the mucosa of GIT of adults 18 endocrine cell types were observed, viz. insulin-, somatostatin-, glucagon-, glicentin, PP-, polypeptide YY (PYY)-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-, GIP-, gastrin C-terminus, CCK-, neurotensin N-terminus-, bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide (GRP)-, substance P-, enkephalin-, alpha-endorphin, beta-endorphin-, serotonin- and calcitonin immunoreactive cells. These cells occurred mostly in the intestine. All these cell types were of the open type, except glucagon- and glicentin-immunoreactive cells in the stomach, which seemed to be of the closed type. In the muscle layers and the submucosa, VIP and substance P- immunoreactive nerves and neurons were observed. In the pancreas of the dogfish embryo only 3 endocrine cell types could be demonstrated, namely insulin-, somatostatin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells. In the mucosa of the GIT of the embryos studied 12 endocrine cell types were detected, viz. insulin-, somatostatin-, glucagon-, PP-, PYY-, VIP, GIP, gastrin C-terminus-, CCK-, neurotensin N-terminus-, enkephalin- and serotonin immunoreactive cells. The number of these cells, except that of PYY-immunoreactive cells, was lower than that of adults and in some cases their distribution did not correspond with that of adults.
对棘鲨（Squalus acanthias）成体以及体长11厘米（约为新生鱼长度的一半）胚胎期的胰腺和胃肠道（GIT）进行免疫细胞化学研究，以检测胃肠胰（GEP）神经激素肽的存在情况。在成体胰腺中可见5种内分泌细胞类型，即胰岛素免疫反应性细胞、生长抑素免疫反应性细胞、胰高血糖素免疫反应性细胞、胰多肽（PP）免疫反应性细胞和胃抑制肽（GIP）免疫反应性细胞。这些细胞类型形成散在的胰岛，有时可见围绕小导管。含胰高血糖素的细胞中未出现GIP免疫反应性细胞。在成体GIT的黏膜中观察到18种内分泌细胞类型，即胰岛素免疫反应性细胞、生长抑素免疫反应性细胞、胰高血糖素免疫反应性细胞、肠高血糖素、PP、多肽YY（PYY）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）、GIP、胃泌素C末端、胆囊收缩素（CCK）、神经降压素N末端、蛙皮素/胃泌素释放肽（GRP）、P物质、脑啡肽、α-内啡肽、β-内啡肽、5-羟色胺和降钙素免疫反应性细胞。这些细胞大多出现在肠道中。除胃中的胰高血糖素和肠高血糖素免疫反应性细胞似乎为封闭型外，所有这些细胞类型均为开放型。在肌层和黏膜下层观察到VIP和P物质免疫反应性神经和神经元。在棘鲨胚胎的胰腺中仅能证实3种内分泌细胞类型，即胰岛素免疫反应性细胞、生长抑素免疫反应性细胞和胰高血糖素免疫反应性细胞。在所研究胚胎的GIT黏膜中检测到12种内分泌细胞类型，即胰岛素免疫反应性细胞、生长抑素免疫反应性细胞、胰高血糖素免疫反应性细胞、PP、PYY、VIP、GIP、胃泌素C末端、CCK、神经降压素N末端、脑啡肽和5-羟色胺免疫反应性细胞。这些细胞的数量（除PYY免疫反应性细胞外）低于成体，且在某些情况下其分布与成体不同。
