Schwartz J S, Bencowitz H Z, Moser K M
Ann Intern Med. 1984 Apr;100(4):473-7. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-100-4-473.
Because persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mild hypoxemia may develop severe hypoxemia during commercial airline flights, we measured arterial blood gas pressures in 13 such patients during a flight in an unpressurized airplane (cabin pressures typical of commercial air travel). At 1650 m, mean arterial Po2 decreased from 68.2 +/- 8.5 (SD) mm Hg to 51 +/- 9.1 mm Hg, and mean arterial Pco2, from 40.9 +/- 0.9 to 37.1 +/- 6.4 mm Hg. At 2250 m, mean arterial Po2 and Pco2 were 44.7 +/- 8.7 and 36.5 +/- 5.8 mm Hg, respectively. No symptoms attributable to hypoxemia occurred. Arterial Po2 measured in patients while breathing room air several weeks before the flight did not correlate with that measured at 1650 m, but arterial Po2 measured less than 2 hours before the flight in room air or a 17.2% oxygen mixture did. Whether a patient will need supplemental oxygen to maintain arterial Po2 above a given value can be predicted from arterial blood samples taken while the patient is breathing a hypoxic gas mixture or room air within 2 hours of the flight.
由于慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者和轻度低氧血症患者在商业航空飞行期间可能会发展为严重低氧血症，我们在一架未增压飞机（商业航空旅行典型的机舱压力）的飞行过程中，对13名此类患者的动脉血气压力进行了测量。在海拔1650米处，平均动脉血氧分压从68.2±8.5（标准差）毫米汞柱降至51±9.1毫米汞柱，平均动脉血二氧化碳分压从40.9±0.9降至37.1±6.4毫米汞柱。在海拔2250米处，平均动脉血氧分压和血二氧化碳分压分别为44.7±8.7和36.5±5.8毫米汞柱。未出现可归因于低氧血症的症状。飞行前几周患者在呼吸室内空气时测得的动脉血氧分压与在1650米处测得的不相关，但在飞行前不到2小时在室内空气或17.2%氧气混合物中测得的动脉血氧分压相关。根据患者在飞行前2小时内呼吸低氧气体混合物或室内空气时采集的动脉血样本，可以预测患者是否需要补充氧气以将动脉血氧分压维持在给定值以上。
