Fledelius H C
Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1984 Jun;62(3):391-400. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1984.tb08419.x.
A report is given of astigmatism and anisometropia prevalences in an adult hospital sample considered refractively unselected. Astigmatism of at least 0.75 cyl value (by subjective trial) appeared in 20% (n = 600), or in 16% of all eyes (some cases being unilateral). Twenty per cent of astigmatic eyes had an oblique axis. Inverse astigmatism (against rule) showed increasing frequency with age. In a sample analysed for anisometropia (n = 1.200) 9% had a side difference of 1 D or more, while 75% had strict isometropia. Eyes with astigmatism and anisometropia are grouped mainly towards the ametropic ends of the refractive distribution curve, away from emmetropia. The data are used for assessing to what extent the presbyopic population can expect benefit from some newly introduced supermarket standard reading-glasses (+1 to +4 D). Probably, about two thirds can use them. Having had a tradition of individual prescription in our country, the offer of standard glasses without professional trial may eventually result in fewer ophthalmic disorders being diagnosed 'by chance'.
本文报告了在一个未经过屈光筛选的成年医院样本中散光和屈光参差的患病率。至少0.75柱镜度的散光（通过主观验光）出现在20%（n = 600）的患者中，或占所有眼睛的16%（有些病例为单侧）。20%的散光眼有斜轴。逆规散光（反规）的频率随年龄增加。在一个分析屈光参差的样本（n = 1200）中，9%的人双眼度数相差1 D或更多，而75%的人有严格的等屈光状态。有散光和屈光参差的眼睛主要集中在屈光分布曲线的屈光不正端，远离正视。这些数据用于评估老花眼人群能在多大程度上从一些新推出的超市标准阅读眼镜（+1至+4 D）中获益。可能约三分之二的人可以使用。由于我国有个性化配镜的传统，提供未经专业验光的标准眼镜最终可能导致偶然诊断出的眼科疾病减少。
