Resting energy expenditure in controls and cancer patients with localized and diffuse disease.

Resting energy expenditure (REE), nutritional parameters, and substrate levels were measured using a technique to minimize artifacts in 11 control patients, nine patients with localized, and four patients with diffuse neoplastic disease. Patients with diffuse disease had significantly increased percentage preillness weight loss (15.4 +/- 7.0%), decreased arm muscle circumference (21.9 +/- 2.1 vs. 26.2 +/- 3.5 cm), serum albumin (3.6 +/- 0.6 vs. 4.4 +/- 0.2 g/dl), total lymphocyte count (1024 +/- 613 vs. 1796 +/- 495 cells/mm3), and creatinine-height index (0.68 +/- 0.16 vs. 1.18 +/- 0.37) compared to controls. Both groups of cancer patients had significantly increased REE compared to controls: 25.6 +/- 3.7 (diffuse), 21.4 +/- 3.7 (localized), vs. 18.1 +/- 2.9 kcal/kg/d (controls). However, when REE was expressed as a function of metabolic body size, the significant difference persisted only in the patients with diffuse disease compared to controls: 71.8 +/- 16.4 vs. 53.9 +/- 8.1 kcal/kg3/4/d. Patients studied pre- and posttumor resection all had a postoperative drop in their REE, which was significantly correlated with the measured tumor volume. In this homogeneous, select group of patients, the tumor-bearing state exerts a moderate impact on nutritional and metabolic parameters, which are probably related to the extent of disease.