Foster J R
J Comp Pathol. 1984 Apr;94(2):175-81. doi: 10.1016/0021-9975(84)90038-0.
Bile taken from rats infected with the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica contained spiral bacteria whereas bile from uninfected rats was free from spiral bacteria. The bacterium and its relationship to the bile duct epithelium and the liver fluke was studied with a combination of light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Its morphological characteristics suggest that the bacterium belongs to the genus Spirillum. In contrast to many other co-infections of bacteria and helminths, the present one seems to be a fairly passive relationship so that neither the helminth nor the rat suffers from the presence of bacteria. The presence of the bacteria is thought to be due to changes in the biliary environment, produced as a result of the fluke infection; these changes subsequently allow a multiplication of bacteria normally present in the uninfected animal.
从感染肝吸虫（肝片吸虫）的大鼠体内获取的胆汁中含有螺旋菌，而未感染大鼠的胆汁中则没有螺旋菌。运用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜相结合的方法，对这种细菌及其与胆管上皮和肝吸虫的关系进行了研究。其形态特征表明该细菌属于螺菌属。与许多其他细菌和蠕虫的共感染情况不同，目前这种似乎是一种相当被动的关系，因此无论是蠕虫还是大鼠都不会因细菌的存在而受苦。细菌的存在被认为是由于吸虫感染导致胆汁环境发生变化所致；这些变化随后使得未感染动物体内原本就存在的细菌得以繁殖。
