Shapiro L M
Br Heart J. 1984 Aug;52(2):130-5. doi: 10.1136/hrt.52.2.130.
Echocardiograms were recorded in 154 active athletes (from various sports) and 21 ex-athletes and compared with those in 40 normal control subjects (non-athletes). Diastolic cavity dimension and posterior wall and septal thickness were measured and left ventricular mass and the ratio of posterior wall thickness to cavity radius and of septum to posterior wall thickness calculated. As a group athletes had a significantly increased diastolic cavity dimension, posterior wall and septal thickness, and left ventricular mass. The ratio of posterior wall thickness to cavity radius was distributed as a single continuous variable with a significantly increased mean, and there was no separate subgroup of shot putters or weight lifters with inappropriate hypertrophy. The mean ratio of septum to posterior wall thickness was normal, but there was a wide range of values up to 2.1:1. Ex-athletes had entirely normal left ventricular dimensions and wall thickness. When athletes are categorised by their standard of competition national standard competitors had a significantly increased posterior wall and septal thickness and left ventricular mass compared with university and non-competitive sportsmen. In conclusion, strenuous activity results in left ventricular hypertrophy which is appropriate to the body size of the athlete and the degree of activity but not to its type.
对154名现役运动员（来自不同运动项目）和21名退役运动员进行了超声心动图检查，并与40名正常对照者（非运动员）的超声心动图进行比较。测量舒张期腔室大小、后壁和室间隔厚度，并计算左心室质量以及后壁厚度与腔室半径之比和室间隔与后壁厚度之比。作为一个群体，运动员的舒张期腔室大小、后壁和室间隔厚度以及左心室质量显著增加。后壁厚度与腔室半径之比作为一个单一连续变量分布，其平均值显著增加，并且没有单独的铅球运动员或举重运动员亚组出现不适当的肥厚。室间隔与后壁厚度的平均比值正常，但值的范围很宽，高达2.1:1。退役运动员的左心室大小和壁厚度完全正常。当根据运动员的比赛水平进行分类时，与大学生运动员和非竞技运动员相比，国家级标准运动员的后壁和室间隔厚度以及左心室质量显著增加。总之，剧烈运动导致左心室肥厚，这种肥厚与运动员的体型和活动程度相适应，但与运动类型无关。
