Tenu J P, Lederer E, Petit J F
Eur J Immunol. 1980 Aug;10(8):647-53. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830100813.
Immunomodulators of bacterial origin, such as muramyl-dipeptide (MDP) and trehalose dimycolate, are able to stimulate some important biological functions of macrophages, such as their capacity to secrete a monokine, the thymocyte mitogenic protein (TMP), and to limit the growth of mastocytoma cells in vitro. Adherent cells from the peritoneal cavity of untreated mice do not secrete significant amounts of TMP and are not cytostatic. In contrast, adherent peritoneal cells from mice injected with trehalose dimycolate (emulsified in water) secrete TMP and are strongly cytostatic for P815 cells. Trehalose dimycolate is also active when added in vitro: (a) it enhances the cytostatic action of thioglycollate-elicited macrophages; (b) alone or in sequence with MDP, it induces an appreciable cytostatic activity in resident macrophages; (c) it limits the decline of the strong cytostatic action of trehalose-dimycolate-elicited macrophages occurring during in vitro cultivation. MDP also stimulates the cytostatic activity of the macrophages in vitro. The most interesting effect of MDP is its capacity to induce a strong secretion of TMP after a short contact (1 h) with elicited macrophages.
细菌来源的免疫调节剂，如胞壁酰二肽（MDP）和海藻糖二霉菌酸酯，能够刺激巨噬细胞的一些重要生物学功能，例如它们分泌单核因子（胸腺细胞有丝分裂蛋白，TMP）的能力，以及在体外限制肥大细胞瘤细胞生长的能力。未处理小鼠腹腔内的贴壁细胞不会分泌大量TMP，也没有细胞抑制作用。相比之下，注射了海藻糖二霉菌酸酯（水乳化）的小鼠腹腔贴壁细胞会分泌TMP，并且对P815细胞具有很强的细胞抑制作用。海藻糖二霉菌酸酯在体外添加时也具有活性：（a）它增强了巯基乙酸诱导的巨噬细胞的细胞抑制作用；（b）单独或与MDP联合使用时，它能在驻留巨噬细胞中诱导出明显的细胞抑制活性；（c）它限制了海藻糖二霉菌酸酯诱导的巨噬细胞在体外培养过程中出现的强烈细胞抑制作用的下降。MDP在体外也能刺激巨噬细胞的细胞抑制活性。MDP最有趣的作用是它在与诱导的巨噬细胞短暂接触（1小时）后，能够诱导TMP的强烈分泌。
